An overview of the sustainability of solid waste management at military installations

Sustainable Municipal Solid Waste management has remained a big challenge in Africa and other resource constrained settings. However, to achieve sustainability, the gaps in governance of waste management need to be addressed speedily as populations are expanding rapidly, far exceeding available infrastructure and resources. Ruiru subcounty has a rapidly expanding population which has not been matched with sustainable waste management in commercial and residential sectors. This study sought to establish the influence of governance on Sustainable Municipal Solid Waste management in Ruiru Sub-County. Mixed methods research approach and descriptive research design were used in both data collection and analysis. This involved administration of Questionnaires, interviews and observation checklist through an online platform Kobo Collect. Results of the study showed that the County Government and subsequent sub-counties are responsible for waste management. Despites this mandate there are heaps of waste remain in commercial and residential areas. This is attributed to various governance challenges such as lack of prioritization of waste management, limited financial and human resources, minimal community participation, disregard of informal players in waste management cycle, weak implementation and enforcement of waste management policies. While it is desirable to attain sustainable solid waste management in Ruiru, and while the national legal frameworks are in place, there are major challenges and gaps in solid waste governance. Therefore, this study concludes enforceability of mechanisms, adequacy of funding, wholistic involvement of all players remain daunting. Unless these are addressed, sustainable waste management will only remain an unattainable goal.

This chapter proposes for the introduction of a recycling system in developing countries to enhance sustainable municipal solid waste (MSW) management. Poor infrastructures, coupled with inadequate resources and lack of funding, work against the optimization of a MSW disposal service. Authorities in charge of waste management need to change not only behaviors, but modernize their processes. Recycling technology is a key part of the solution. A model has been developed which suggest the involvement of stakeholders to achieve meaningful sustainable MSWM. This can be achieved by recognizing the role of the informal sector through community-based organizations, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), and the private sector. The open dump approach is leading to severe environmental consequences as groundwater and soil is been contaminated. In this chapter, an integrated municipal solid waste management approach was developed with a model to help achieve sustainable municipal solid waste management. Resource recovery, not waste disposal, must be the ultimate goal with clearly defined end user markets so that the recovery loop is complete. Mandatory sorting of waste at household level would help greatly in making recycling activity successful.

This paper presents a road map for sustainable Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) in Lagos, using Scotland as a case study of best practice. Lagos status as an industrial and commercial hub of the Nigerian economy, complemented by its rapid population growth and urbanisation, has complicated the problem of achieving sustainable solid waste management, thereby making it a subject of concern in the literature. Various authors have expressed issues with the types of municipal solid waste generated, waste treatments, and barriers to sustainable municipal solid waste management in Lagos. The existing collection service inosho Lagos has been rated inefficient despite the weekly average evacuation exercise, as waste accumulation exceeded the existing storage and collection facilities, resulting in an unclean environment and significant environmental degradation. This study provides a view of waste management practices in Lagos and the lessons Lagos can learnt from Scotland in achieving sustainable municipal solid waste practice. A total of eight interviews were conducted with authorities and experts involved in municipal solid waste in both Lagos and Scotland to gather their experience and opinions in their respective regions and analyse them thematically. The findings from this research highlighted some initiatives directed towards promoting sustainable waste practices in both Lagos and Scotland. These empirical findings were used to propose a framework that could be used to achieve a circular economy in Lagos and identify areas for improvement in Scotland. This would promote the creation of more jobs and a subsequent reduction in carbon emissions and raw material importation in both regions. Future work should involve informer actors in interviews to get a broader view and increase the accuracy of the data collected on MSW practice in Lagos and provide analysis of strategies used and their impact to engage communities and promote behaviour change towards sustainable MSW management practice in Scotland. Keywords: Municipal Solid Waste, Management Practice, Lagos, Scotland. Proceedings Citation Format Olaniyi, T.K. & Ajayi, A.J. Jane (2023): A Road Map for Sustainable Municipal Solid Waste Management In Lagos: Using Scotland As A Case Study Of Best Practice.Proceedings of the 37th iSTEAMS Multidisciplinary Cross-Border Conference. 30th October – 1st November, 2023. Academic City University College, Accra, Ghana. Pp 43-56 dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/ACCRACROSSBORDER2023V2P4

In most developing countries, the huge amount of unmanaged municipal solid wastes and the inefficiency of the current waste management system have resulted in an unprecedented detrimental effect on human health and the quality of the environment. The drive towards sustainability in solid waste management in South Africa has led to the promulgation of several legislations and policies directed towards increased efficiency of solid waste management strategies. However, despite the progress in South Africa’s waste management systems over the years, it still faces several challenges and shortcomings. To achieve sustainable development through the transition from a linear economic model to a circular economy, there is a need to revamp the waste management sector. This study presents a survey of the key physical elements of integrated waste management in South Africa. The study further discusses the challenges, with a major emphasis on the future directions of integrated waste management. Waste management decisions are data-driven decisions. This study identifies the lack of accurate and reliable waste-related data as one of the major factors that impede the fast-track growth towards sustainable waste management in South Africa. A data-mining approach that emphasises intelligent modeling of waste management systems is recommended to support the national waste database, which will aid waste management decisions and optimise waste management facilities and investments. Multi-sector intervention and involvement are required to stimulate sustainable development in waste management in South Africa.

Chula model for sustainable municipal solid waste management in university canteens

Towards integrated, and sustainable municipal solid waste management system in Shashemane city administration, Ethiopia

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review the present municipal solid wastes (MSWs) management system, from an engineering management (EM) perspective, for the City of Kitwe while proposing a levers-driven sustainable municipal solid waste management (MSWM) model focussing on improving waste management (WM).Design/methodology/approachThe research work involves four stages. First, a comprehensive review of literature is conducted on MSWM. Second, structured interviews are conducted with key experts in solid waste management in the City of Kitwe in order to enhance the knowledge inputs. Third, direct observations and an interview with a WM driver are conducted in order to understand; the collection, disposal and treatment options for MSWs. Lastly, a sustainable model for managing MSWs is proposedFindingsThe research findings indicate that the existing MSW system for the city is highly unsustainable and lacks EM methodologies. There are still a number of challenges in the management of MSWs which include: lack of proper collection and storage of MSWs; lack of an engineered landfill; lack of waste recovery and treatment systems; and lack of public education aimed at reducing and separating MSWs.Practical implicationsA correct and detailed database for waste generation, collection, treatment and disposal is needed for the City of Kitwe. The system is necessary for WM resources allocation as well as for planning sustainable WM projects. The proposed model has been developed based on the actual observations, data collection and analysis.Originality/valueThe research identifies a gap in the management of MSWs for the City of Kitwe. This work is original as no similar MSW model has been proposed globally and specific for a developing economy such as Africa.

Purpose – This paper examined the current status of municipal solid waste management across Nigeria. The core aspects covered are generation, characterization, collection, scavenging, open dumping, disposal and environmental implications of poor solid waste management. The purpose of this paper is to present a comprehensive overview of the current state of municipal solid waste management in Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach – This study was executed by a combination of an extensive literature search and field study. Solid waste generation rates for 31 Nigerian cities were obtained from literature. In addition, characteristics of municipal solid waste from 26 Nigerian cities were also obtained from literature. Other aspects such as characterization of solid waste obtained from final dumpsite and heavy metals accumulation in solid waste dumpsites were undertaken first hand. Findings – Solid waste generation rate was found to vary from 0.13 kg/capita/day in Ogbomosho to 0.71 kg/capita/day in Ado-Ekiti. Factors affecting solid waste generation rates were identified. Typically, food waste was found to constitute close to 50 percent of overall municipal solid waste in Nigerian cities. This study shows that the rate of generation of plastics, water proof materials and diapers has assumed an upward trend. Due to the dysfunctional state of many municipal waste management authorities, many cities have been overrun by open dumps. For instance, more than 50 percent of residents of Maiduguri in northern Nigeria and Ughelli in southern Nigeria dispose of their waste in open dumps. Indiscriminate disposal of waste has also resulted in the preponderance of toxic heavy metals in agricultural soils and consequent bioaccumulation in plants as well as groundwater contamination. Research limitations/implications – The main limitation of this research is municipal waste management authorities do not have relevant data. Hence, there was heavy reliance on published materials. The status of waste management in Nigeria is very deplorable and therefore poses serious threats to public and environmental health. There is urgent need for both government and individuals to adopt holistic and sustainable waste management strategies in order to safeguard public/environmental health. Practical implications – Findings from this paper can form a veritable resource for the formulation and implementation of sustainable municipal solid waste management framework and strategies in Nigeria. Originality/value – While most studies on municipal solid waste management in Nigeria are focussed on selected cities of interest, this particular study cuts across most cities of Nigeria in order to present a broader and holistic view of municipal solid waste management in Nigeria. The paper has also unraveled core municipal solid waste management challenges facing Nigerian cities.

The constant generation of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is a global concern in terms of quantity and its variety. The composition of MSW is influenced by the level of income; the season of the year; population; culture and lifestyle of people living in that community. Nigeria, in particular, is currently struggling with the menace of the upsurge in the quantity MSW in her major cities, but concern only with its collection, transportation, and disposal, however neglecting the prospect of material recovery from MSW for recycling. On this note, the study aimed to characterize MSW from identified dumpsites and at household level in Abuja Municipal Area Council (AMAC) and Bwari area council, Abuja, Nigeria towards a sustainable and efficient MSW management. The methodology used in this study was carried out in both wet and dry seasons, and each season entails; the use of American Standard Test Method [1] to determine the composition of unprocessed MSW at dumpsites 3 days in a week for 4 weeks and, the segregation of MSW into colored bags representing waste category at the household level was done for 2 weeks. The use of a stratified and random sampling method was employed to administer the questionnaires for data acquisition. The results show that the level of income played a significant role in the constituents of MSW generated at district level. In conclusion, food waste/organics and plastic waste are the predominant MSW categories in AMAC, and Bwari area council, Abuja, Nigeria. The characterization of MSW is essential for a long-term effect and sustainable solid waste management plans in order to design an appropriate and efficient waste management system for the society.

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management in Nigeria is a sorely underperforming sector in Nigeria. This underperformance has long been attributed to the neglect from its Federal and State Governments. However, critical assessment shows the need to adopt a systems approach and integrate data science technologies in identifying challenges and proposing solutions to Nigeria’s waste management sector. The study adopts a narrative review design, following the lacking research and waste quantitative data in assessing MSW management in Nigeria. It examines systems theory engineering models and assessment tools in the context of waste management, and adopts a case-study examination of Lagos State waste management processes and stakeholders. The study’s findings show that Nigeria is still significantly dependent on open dumping systems and incineration systems. Its waste recycling sector is inefficient and incapable of mitigating current waste pressures. This is evident in Lagos, as the state’s plastic recycling ranges between 3-6% of all plastic waste generated. The informal waste collectors (IWC) hold significant influence and these entities have continuously resisted formalisation from the Federal and State governments. Examining the 2020 waste management policy reveals some ambiguity in the responsibilities of the various stakeholders in the policy and institutional framework. The study proposes key strategies towards mitigating the lack of waste management enforcement mechanisms, absence of waste-to-wealth strategies, poor funding, and limited public awareness on recycling. This study’s value is in its systems approach to combatting Nigeria’s MSW pressure. This approach is underscored by the inclusion and astute application of data science technologies and stakeholder engagement across both public and private sectors. The study seeks to provide a foundation for more empirical research following the data gap and lack of academic research on Nigeria’s MSW management, in the hopes that it will catalyse sustainable MSW management solutions.

PurposeThe research objectives are as follows: to understand the situation of solid waste management in the Makham Tia Subdistrict Administrative Organization, Surat Thani Province, Thailand; identify the patterns in household waste generation and 3Rs behavior (recycle, reuse and reduce waste); and formulate sustainable municipal solid waste management guidelines.Design/methodology/approachThis study aimed to propose the solution by using data analysis and a participatory research approach to set the guidelines for sustainable community waste management in a low-budget area. A survey of household behavior was done with questionnaires. Mixed clustering using the Gower coefficient was performed to assess the categorical socio-demographic variables along with the numeric variables related to the 3Rs behavior. The guidelines for waste management were generated based on the characteristics of the household groups.FindingsThe guidelines for waste management were generated based on the characteristics of the household groups. An appropriate practical plan for municipal solid waste management in Makham Tia Subdistrict was proposed in this work. The study showed that the guidelines were implemented and revised by members of the community, and this led to the development of sustainable community solid waste management for the future.Originality/valueThe goal of this study was to provide a solution for sustainable community waste management in a low-budget location by using data mining techniques and a participatory research approach. The study showed that the guidelines were implemented and revised by members of the community, and this led to the development of sustainable community solid waste management for the future.

Municipal solid waste (MSW) management represents a major expenditure for third world countries, and could be very challenging as it results in environmental impacts including pollution of water resources. The major expenditure of the municipal solid waste management is attributed to overlooking revenues generated from waste. Due to the uncertainties of data, the value of the recyclables is overlooked. Therefore, a key in the development of an effective and sustainable waste management system is having reliable information and a clear characterisation of the municipal waste generated from the community being studied. Hence, this paper presents a waste audit to characterise household waste and more importantly estimate revenues generated from recyclables. The focus was on household waste generated from high income districts. The study found that there was a surplus resulting from the difference between the revenue of recyclables and the cost of its management. This surplus could be used to fund the deficit in waste management system in other lower income districts.

Municipal solid waste (MSW) management represents a major expenditure for third world countries, and could be very challenging as it results in environmental impacts including pollution of water resources. The major expenditure of the municipal solid waste management is attributed to overlooking revenues generated from waste. Due to the uncertainties of data, the value of the recyclables is overlooked. Therefore, a key in the development of an effective and sustainable waste management system is having reliable information and a clear characterisation of the municipal waste generated from the community being studied. Hence, this paper presents a waste audit to characterise household waste and more importantly estimate revenues generated from recyclables. The focus was on household waste generated from high income districts. The study found that there was a surplus resulting from the difference between the revenue of recyclables and the cost of its management. This surplus could be used to fund the deficit in waste management system in other lower income districts.

Effective risk assessment is critical for ensuring safe and sustainable municipal solid waste (MSW) management, supporting data-driven decision-making and regulatory compliance by identifying hazards, evaluating their impacts, and guiding targeted mitigation strategies. This study uses the PRISMA method to systematically review 72 studies published in the past decade on risk assessments for various MSW facilities, providing a comprehensive overview of current practices while identifying key trends, gaps, and opportunities for improvement. Results indicate that approximately 60% of environmental assessments identified risks, with over half focusing on human health. While diverse MSW facilities, including dumpsites, composting, incineration, energy-from-waste (EfW), and recycling, were investigated, landfills accounted for 49% of the reviewed studies, underscoring their global prevalence. The findings emphasize the need for continuous pollution monitoring, even in facilities initially deemed low-risk, and highlight the importance of a standardized methodology that integrates analytical tools with statistical software to address inconsistencies in risk assessment indices. Such standardization would enhance mitigation effectiveness, support evidence-based policymaking, and optimize resource allocation, ultimately fostering safer and more sustainable MSW management systems. Graphical abstract

SLFP: A stochastic linear fractional programming approach for sustainable waste management