Abstract
This review extensively discusses various socio environmental factors affecting eating behavior of the general public within Canada including the development and implementation of national policies. A framework representing the determinants of healthy eating can be grouped into four categories i.e., the individual determinants, the economic environment, the social environment and the physical environment. This framework allowed for addressing food insecurity and social economic ecosystem of Canadians. Lastly, we investigate the role in which biotechnology plays in improving food security and addresses the significant impact biotechnology has contributed toward on agriculture and the food market. Overall, this review using such sources as Web of Science, Pub Med and Scopus provides significant contribution toward understanding the social economic environment and eating behavior of people living in Canada. In conclusion, this has led to identify a research gap as there is a significant need to address the development and implementation of policies in the food and nutrition environment.
Highlights
The eating behavior for an individual is a highly personal and complex process involving the interplay of multiple factors that impact one’s health and nutrition
In 2018 statistics published by Household Food Security Survey Module (HFSSM) and Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) revealed that there is a huge difference between the availability and cost of healthy food across different neighborhoods in Canada [12]
Eating Well with Canada‘s Food Guide among several other programs has been put in place by Health Canada in order to inform the general public on the benefits of healthy eating
Summary
The eating behavior for an individual is a highly personal and complex process involving the interplay of multiple factors that impact one’s health and nutrition These factors can include the individual’s thoughts and beliefs, their close social environment that includes (like) family and friends, their physical environment at (including) home and workplace, and the policies which govern the society they live in (just to name a few). A framework representing the determining factors of good feeding habits for an individual can be divided into four major groups (Figure 1) These include [1] Personal determining factors [2] State of the economy, [3] the social landscape, and [4] the ecological environment in which the individual resides [2,3,4]. The physical environment encompasses all infrastructures that affect food availability such as food outlets in their environment including work sites, schools, restaurants, and supermarkets [7]
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