Abstract
Identification of ecosystems and Business Models (BM) is an important starting point for new complex system development. The definition of actor (or stakeholder) roles and their interactions (at both business and technical levels), together with target scenarios and use cases, provide essential input information for further system requirement collection and architecture specification. The powerful and flexible Fifth Generation (5G) network slicing technology, which is capable of creating virtually isolated and logically parallel networks, enables a large range of complex services and vertical applications. Although various terminologies and models have been proposed in recent years for BMs in the 5G domain by many studies, projects, standards, and technical specifications from dedicated organizations, they are not always consistent with each other. This study presents an overview and comparison of different BMs for 5G sliced systems, followed by an example on BM definition for a 5G system in a novel ongoing European research project. While a general ecosystem and business model could involve a large range of organizations (including, e.g., regulation and standardization bodies), the scope of this article will be limited to primarily 5G operational BMs, with a focus on those actors or stakeholders who are active and interacting during real-life system operation. Within the project, we perform a selection among some tailored BM configurations, adapted for dedicated slices with different service requirements, aiming to serve Vehicle to Everything (V2X) and Internet of Vehicles (IoV) applications as well as Internet of Things (IoT) for maritime vertical applications. The final part of this article presents our proposed IoT connectivity solutions for various maritime scenarios with and without involving satellite links. Furthermore, we shed light on future challenges and directions for network slicing in beyond 5G systems.
Highlights
C OMPLEX systems involve multiple stakeholders who have different roles and cooperate with each other [1]
While general ecosystems and Business Models (BM) could involve a large range of organizations, this study focuses on so-called Operational BMs (OBMs), which contain only those actors that are active and interact with each other during real-life system operation
SOLID-B5G PROJECT SOLUTIONS we present the vision, business models, and solutions proposed in our ongoing project - SOLID-B5G which focuses on developing network slicing solutions for Internet of Vehicles (IoV)/V2X and maritime Internet of Things (IoT) applications
Summary
C OMPLEX systems involve multiple stakeholders who have different roles and cooperate with each other [1]. Identifying the roles of stakeholders and understanding their interactions are essential for every new system development [2] [3] To this end, ecosystems and Business Models (BMs) are popular terminologies adopted in many studies, projects, and standards, aiming to identify the actor/stakeholder roles and their interactions (at both business and technical levels) [4]. Borcoci et al.: An Overview of 5G Slicing Business Models for IoV and Maritime IoT Applications consistent with each other, since various studies, standards, or projects focuse on objectives with different interests, representing the perspective from a specific working group or stakeholder. Afterwards, the BMs (roles, actors, and interactions) will be defined for a novel 5G-based complex system developed in the framework of an ongoing European Economic Area research project “A Massive MIMO Enabled IoT Platform with Networking Slicing for Beyond 5G IoV/V2X and Maritime Services (SOLIDB5G)” [11]. The focus of our study will be on 5G sliced systems
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