Abstract
The electricity consumption pattern is being increased day by day. Currently, network operators are moving towards renewable energy resources and applying demand response programs. However, the small and medium scale consumers and producers are needed to be aggregated and participate in the electricity markets as a unique resource. This paper proposes an optimization-based community model for aggregating the small scales consumers and producers. The model includes a central controller, which is considered as an aggregator, and several local community managers to keep the network balanced locally. Furthermore. real-time simulation approach and several real devices as hardware-in-the-loop are used to validate the system under practical challenges. The results of the paper reveal a gap between the simulation and experimental results and prove the performance of system in real-time mode using actual devices.
Highlights
The actual trend of power systems operation and continued growth of consumption forced the network operators all around the world to consider Distributed Renewable Energy Resources (DRERs), such as Photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbine [1]
In order to effectively merge the large scale of DRERs in the network, further tactical services are needed, such as Demand Response (DR) program [2]
DR program is defined as the modification in the consumption patterns of the end-users in order to respond to the incentives paid by DR entity [5]
Summary
The actual trend of power systems operation and continued growth of consumption forced the network operators all around the world to consider Distributed Renewable Energy Resources (DRERs), such as Photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbine [1]. In [12], a real-time simulation model has been presented for a curtailment service provider, and an optimization problem was used to perform energy scheduling and applying DR programs. The novelty of this work is to develop a community platform that integrates both theoretical and practical concepts in a unique model This enables the users to take advantage of practical characteristics, such as behaviour of devices in actual environment, into the theoretical models.
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