Abstract
Water is one of the most important resources in the world because it is essential for the life. Recently, several strategies for the proper use of water in different sectors (industrial, agricultural and domestic) have been ported, which involve options such as recycling, reusing and regeneration. However, the overall water management in a macroscopic level has received lower attention. In the macroscopic level, numerous water uses are involved and several sources of freshwater can interact to satisfy the freshwater demands, where also recycling, reusing and regeneration strategies can be implemented. Therefore, in this paper is proposed a new optimization formulation for the proper use of water in a macroscopic level involving water recycling, reusing and regeneration as well as accounting for the impact in the surrounding watershed. A case study from the central-west part of Mexico was analyzed, and the results show that is possible to reduce the freshwater consumption by 21 % with an investment of US $686,510,000/year.
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