An irrefutable unambiguous insight into zygomatic air cell defect (ZACD)

Abstract

Zygomatic air cell defect (ZACD) of the temporal bone, has been characterized as the auxiliary air cells in the zygomatic process and articular eminence of the temporal bone. They present as unresectable findings in the zygomatic process of the temporal bone and articular tubercle. They are crucial, as they signify regions of weak resistance and the spread of disease. Comprehension of the decrepit regions in the zygomatic bones with Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT), and the imaging of choice in maxillofacial disorders for its superior 3D anatomical reconstruction and minimal distortion, are indispensable in the diagnosis, treatment planning and placement of endosseous or basal dental implants to elude complications. 154 CBCT images of subjects aged between18 and 70 years with optimal diagnostic quality and area coverage satisfying the selection criteria without the history of maxillofacial fractures, pathologies, anomalies involving the middle one third of the face were analysed. The overall prevalence of ZACD was in 16 (10.4%) subjects, with 9 in females (56.25%) and in 7 males (43.75%). The men-to-women ratio was 1:1.28. It was also revealed that bilateral incidence of ZACD was more common and the prevalence of ZACD the highest 8 (50%) in the age group of 21- 30 years. This study highlights the importance of research on the prevalence of the ZACD on CBCT, which was exiguous in the past, and compares with similar studies done using panoramic radiographs. This study paves the way for more studies employing CBCT to justify the findings we have expressed.