Abstract
This work aims to investigate the temperature rise in Aluminum alloy 6061 due to deformation heating in equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and high-pressure torsion (HPT) processes using finite element method. The roles of various parameters are investigated and the heating of ECAP die due to billet deformation is included in the simulations. The results show that while the work-piece moves in the exit channel, the generated heat is transferred to die via conduction and therefore the temperature isosurfaces in die are extended in the direction of inlet and exit channels. The dependency of maximum work-piece temperature to velocity is more than its dependency to friction. Increasing the plunger velocity increases the difference between maximum and minimum temperatures. Additionally, the maximum work-piece temperature is attained at the deformation zone. The temperature rise in HPT is less than ECAP due to the small size of the HPT work-piece compared to ECAP. Not only the work-piece size, but also the good heat conduction of aluminum makes the temperature distribution roughly uniform in HPT.
Highlights
Equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) and High-pressure torsion are widely used to refine grain structure and improve the mechanical properties of various materials
While the work-piece moves in the exit channel, the generated heat is transferred to die via conduction and the temperature isosurfaces in die are extended in the direction of inlet and exit channels
Die temperature increases by the deformed part, and the undeformed part is deformed in a pre-heated die that causes less heat loss and more temperature rise 33
Summary
Equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) and High-pressure torsion are widely used to refine grain structure and improve the mechanical properties of various materials. ECAP and HPT are performed under high applied pressures and at low temperatures 1,2. In the ECAP process, a well-lubricated billet is pressed in a die comprising two channels intersecting at a constant angle. The material is subjected to shear deformation 3,4. Since the cross section remains constant, repetitive pressing is possible to impose large cumulative strains. The imposed cumulative strain will depend on the material, temperature, speed and geometry of the die. Multiple ECAP processing makes it possible to rotate the billet around its central axis between the passes. In HPT the billets are subjected to a compressive force and concurrent torsional straining in which the deformation is continuous 6
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