Abstract
A Eulerian transport/chemistry model for SO x NO x and HC is coupled with a cloud scavenging model to study, sulfate formation in clouds. The transport/chemistry model treats some 40 chemical species and utilizes an 84-step gas phase chemical reaction mechanism and a 20-step liquid phase mechanism. The liquid phase mechanism includes S(IV) oxidation by OH, H 2O 2 and O 3, as well as other free radical and organic reactions. The cloud model used is the PLUVIUS model developed by Dr J. Hales of Batlelle Pacific Northwest Laboratories. It includes gas scavenging, nucleation, and evaporation and condensation processes. The combined models are used to investigate the importance of the various oxidation pathways on sulfate production in clouds (i.e. S(IV) oxidation by OH, H 2O 2 and O 3), and to study the importance of sulfate production in cloud droplets vs sulfate arising from cloud nucleation, the importance of free radical and organic liquid phase reactions, and the wet deposition of sulfate.
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