An Investigation of Antimicrobial Activity for Plant Pathogens by Green-Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Azadirachta indica and Mangifera indica

Objectives: To investigate the potential of nanoparticles synthesized from neem leaves in pest management for Bactrocera dorsalis. Methods: This study involves extracting the insecticidal properties of neem (Azadirachta indica) by fermenting air-dried leaves with rice wash. The crude fermented neem extract (FNE) was applied as a biopesticide against male B. dorsalis in an improvised olfactometer. The remaining crude extract was utilized in the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) and copper nanoparticles (CuNP). The insecticidal activities of FNE and the extracts with AgNP and CuNP were tested against B. dorsalis. Findings: The experimental treatments 100% FNE and 20% FNECuNP have the same effect as the positive control, causing the death of adult male fruit fly of 83.33% mortality rate after 24 h. The treatment 20% FNE-AgNP showed a higher mortality rate, 100%, after 24 h. Likewise, the results of the larvicidal activities infer that the most effective treatment with a mortality rate of 100% after 24-h exposure is the extract with silver nanoparticles. Moreover, the neem extract, FNE-AgNP, and FNE-CuNP exhibited ovicidal properties, suppressing the development of eggs into third instar larvae. Fermented neem extract can be used to formulate biopesticide enhanced with nanoparticles for controlling B. dorsalis. Novelty: This study showed that the fermented neem leaves extract using rice wash is effective in the green synthesis of silver and copper nanoparticles. The prepared biopesticide metal nanoparticles can be used in the management of B. dorsalis. Keywords: Silver nanoparticles; Copper nanoparticles; Insecticidal; Bactrocera dorsalis; Azadirachta indica

BackgroundIn the field of nanotechnology, the metallic nanoparticles are of remarkableinterest because of their unique electronic, magnetic, chemical, andmechanical properties.Purpose:In the present work, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized usingbio-reduction method. Research Design:Silver nitrate was used as metallic precursor and the extract ofMoringa oleifera leaves with different concentrationswas used as reducing as well capping agent. The extract exhibited strongpotential in rapid reduction of silver ions for the synthesis of silvernanoparticles. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized byUV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM) techniques.Results:The absorption SPR peaks appeared in the range of 415 to 439 nm. SEM analysisexhibited that particles were spherical in shape with size distributionrange from 10 nm to 25 nm. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were purecrystalline in nature as confirmed by the XRD spectra with averagecrystallite size 7 nm. In vitro antibacterial activity ofthe prepared silver nanoparticles colloidal samples as well the extract wasstudied using different concentrations of AgNPs (C1 = 100 μg/ml, C2 = 50μg/ml, C3 = 25 μg/ml) by well diffusion method against Gram negativeEscherichia coli. The antibacterial performance wasassessed by measuring the zone of inhibition (ZOI). ConclusionsThe results suggested that AgNPs prepared by green approach can be consideredas an alternative antibacterial agent.

The silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized via green synthesis approach using Euporbia serpens Kunth aqueous extract. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy and Furrier Transformer Infra-Red spectroscopy to justify the reduction and stabilization of AgNPs from its precursors. AgNPs characteristic absorption peak was observed at 420 nm in the UV-visible spectrum. The SEM and TEM analysis demonstrated the spherical shape of the synthesized nanoparticles with particle sizes ranging from 30 nm to 80 nm. FTIR transmission bands at 2920 cm−1, 1639 cm−1, 1410 cm−1, 3290 cm−1, and 1085 cm−1 were attributed to C-H, C=O, C-C, N-H, and C-N functional groups, respectively. XRD peaks could be attributed to (111), (200), (220), and (311) crystalline plane of the faced-centered cube (FCC) crystalline structure of the metallic silver nanoparticles. The AgNPs showed good antibacterial activity against all the tested bacteria at each concentration. The particles were found to be more active against Escherichia coli (E. coli) with 20 ± 06 mm and Salmonella typhi (S. typhi) with 18 ± 0.5 mm zone of inhibition in reference to standard antibiotic amoxicillin with 23 ± 0.3 mm and 20 ± 0.4 mm zone of inhibition, respectively. Moderate antifungal activities were observed against Candida albicans (C. albicans) and Alternaria alternata (A. alternata) with zone of inhibitions 16.5 mm and 15 mm, respectively, compared to the standard with 23 mm of inhibition. Insignificant antifungal inhibition of 7.5 mm was observed against Fusarium gramium (F. gramium). All the tested concentrations of AgNPs showed comparable % RSA with the standard reference ascorbic acid in the range sixty percent to seventy five percent. The percent motility at 3 hours postincubation showed quick response and most Tetramorium caespitum were found deceased or paralyzed. Similarly, the percent mortality showed a linear response at concentration and time. It was observed that 1 μg/mL to 2 μg/mL concentration of AgNPs displayed a significant cytotoxic activity against Artemia salina with LD50 of 5.37 and 5.82, respectively.

ABSTRACT: Medicinal Plants have been used throughout the world by human beings as a drug and remedies for various diseases since time immemorial. A study was planned to count into the antimicrobial activity and phytochemical screening of Euphorbia helioscopia. The plants were gathered and tested against some standard strains and some human pathogenic microorganisms i.e Escherichia coli, Bacillus Subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and three fungal strain Trichoderma, R hizopus nigricans, Aspergillus niger. The concentrations of extracting samples (500 and 1,000 mg mL-1) were used against pathogens. Ciprofloxacin was used as positive control in case of bacterial strains and Colfrimazol was used against the fungal strain while dimethyl sulfoxide as negative control. The outcomes indicated that the positive wells potency of Water extract had a 36 mm diameter of zone of inhibition against Escherichia coli and ethanol extract at 1,000 mg mL-1 had maximum (34 mm) zone of inhibition against Bacillus subtilus (36 mm) zone of inhibition against Klebsiella pneumonia and 33 mm of zone of inhibition against Trichoderma harzianum. Likewise, water extract at a concentration of 1,000 mg mL-1 resulted highest value of zone of inhibition (36 mm) against Staphylococcus aureus, a zone of inhibition ( mm) against Salmonella typhi, 36 mm zone of inhibition against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, (32 mm) zone of inhibition against Rhizopus nigricans, a 34 mm zone of inhibition against Acremonium and (34 mm) zone of inhibition against Aspergillus niger. The most susceptible bacteria were K. pneumonia and Bacillus subtilis, while E. coli was the most resistant bacteria and showed zone of inhibition. The ethanolic extract had tannins, lipid, total proteins, carbohydrates, flavonoids, Alkaloid and polyphenolics.

The increasing demand for eco-friendly and sustainable methods in nanotechnology has shifted focus towards biological routes for synthesizing nanoparticles. This study highlights the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the plant extract of Canna edulis, a process that avoids the use of hazardous chemicals. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized for their phytochemical content and evaluated for their antimicrobial properties. Canna edulis is an erect herbaceous perennial plant producing clumps of stems with large leaves. The present research was done on Canna edulis, where silver nanoparticles were prepared from the extract of leaves and petals. The leaf extracts showed a greater zone of inhibition against E. coli (18±2mm) followed by Salmonella spp. and Klebsiella spp. (17±1mm), then Pseudomonas spp. and Staphylococcus aureus (15±1mm). The petal extract of Canna edulis was more effective against Salmonella spp. and Pseudomonas spp. with a 15±3mm zone of inhibition followed by Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella spp. (14±2mm) and the E. coli (12±2mm). The characterization of nanoparticles of the extract showed the optimum density from which the maximum peak was obtained at 400nm for leaf and 420nm for the petal respectively. The phytochemical analysis of the leaf extract of Canna edulis concluded that alkaloids were present in good concentration whereas in petal extract flavonoids and phenolic compounds gave strong positive results.

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles via Aloe barbadensis miller leaves: Anticancer, antioxidative, antimicrobial and photocatalytic properties

Nanotechnology deals with the synthesis of nanoparticles with controlled size, shape and dispersity of materials at the nanometer scale and their potential use for human well bein g. This leads to focus on “Green Synthesis” of nanoparticles which seems to be an easy, efficient and eco- friendly approach. In this study, the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles was carried out using root extract of Morinda pubescens as reducing agent. It was found that aqueous silver ions can be reduced by aqueous root extr act of Morinda pubescens to generate extremely stable silver nanoparticles in water. The silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) formation was confirmed by the colour change of the mixture and further confirmed by spectral analysis. UV-Visible spectrum of the aqueous medium containing silver nanoparticles showed a peak around 416.5 nm. FT -IR analysis confirmed reduction of Ag+ ions to Ag0 ions in synthesized silver nanoparticles. Further, the produced silver nanoparticles showed bactericidal effect against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Aspergillus niger. From this study concluded that the root extract of Morinda pubescens reduces Ag+ to Ag0 and enhances synthesis of silver nanoparticles with antimicrobial activity.

The green synthesis, characterization, and antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles mediated by Padina boryana are presented in this study. The synthesis of silver nanoparticles was validated by visual observation, including UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. UV-visible spectroscopy analyses revealed that the absorption spectra of the synthesized silver nanoparticles derived from P. boryana extract exhibited absorbance peak at 425 nm. The X-ray diffraction pattern indicated the crystalline nature of AgNPs. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy data indicated the presence of biomolecules in the extract that functioned as reducing and capping agents for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the synthesized AgNPs were spherical with sizes ranging from 30 to 70 nm. The synthesized silver nanoparticles showed considerable antibacterial efficacy against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Our preliminary findings demonstrate that the aqueous extract of the Padina boryana is an effective reducing and capping agent for the biosynthesis of AgNPs with effective antibacterial activity.

The science of nanotechnology and nanoparticles is the manipulation of matter on atomic and molecular weight, the nanotechnology and nanomaterial’s refer to the particular technological goal which is precise manipulation of atom and molecules for used the fabrication process of microbial products and it is now concern to as molecular nanotechnology, it also known as the nanotechnology is science of designing, making and application of nano-structure and nanomaterials also used investigation of relationship various properties of materials with their nanometer dimensions. The exploitation of various plant materials for the biosynthesis of silver nano particles is considered a green technology. Because it does not involves any harmful chemicals. Nanotechnology field is one of the most attractive researches. The field of nanotechnology is applied to bio materials. Nanoparticles are generally considered as particles with a size up to 100 nm, that have completely new or improved properties as compared to the bulk material that they are collected based on particular characteristics such as size, distribution and morphology. Different groups of unorganized parts of the plants have been utilizing for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles, in the present work the fresh leaves of euphorbia umbellate have been used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Synthesis of AgNPs employing either microorganisms or plant extracts has emerged as an alternative approach. Silver nanoparticles is embedded with antibacterial properties because of its unique properties is considered in medical science, the main aim of work is green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Euphorbia Umbellate leaf extract and its antibacterial activity, after the collection of sample, identification and extraction of Euphorbia Umbellate was performed the production of silver nanoparticles.

Herbal preparations of plants continue to present mankind with novel remedies as many of these plants contain important secondary metabolites. Plant species of the family Anacardiaceae are rich in bioactive phytochemicals. Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae) is an introduced and naturalised species to South Africa. Herbal use of this plant has not been fully documented; however, it is used in traditional medicine. This study aimed at characterizing the morphology, phytochemistry, and biological activity of Mangifera indica leaves harvested in winter and summer. The foliar biology of the plant was conducted by various microscopy techniques such as stereo- and Scanning electron microscopy. The length and diameter of the different trichome types were measured using ImageJ. The non-glandular trichome lengths range between 70 - 200 μm. The peltate gland trichomes consist of 2 rows of 8 oblong cells each with a size ranging from 32- 48 μm. Morphological observations using stereo- and SEM revealed the presence of non-glandular trichomes with cuticular warts and glandular peltate trichomes on the leaves of Mangifera indica. Transmission electron micrographs showed the presence of numerous mitochondria, starch grains, plastoglobuli, and plastids. The results for summer and winter leaves resembled somewhat similar-to-identical morphological characteristics on all fronts. For the phytochemical and biological assays, this study aimed to investigate some of the phytochemical and biological properties using different solvents (hexane, chloroform, and methanol) for extraction of the leaves of Mangifera indica for the summer and winter seasons. Preliminary phytochemical screening for the hexane, chloroform and methanolic extracts was done using a reflux extraction apparatus to uncover the presence of different metabolites and the anti-oxidant screening was done by the radical scavenging activity, which was established using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay. Potent radical scavenging activity was exhibited for both summer and winter seasons with hexane and methanolic extracts for summer (IC50 of 19.53 μg/mL and 12.71 μg/mL respectively) and winter (22.32 μg/mL and 14.35 μg/mL respectively) in comparison to the control ascorbic acid which produced an IC50 of 3.20 μg/mL. The summer extracts had better radical scavenging IC50 capacity than winter extracts. The antibacterial activity of the methanolic leaf extracts for summer and winter of Mangifera indica were evaluated against the bacterial species: Gram-negative Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Gram-positive: Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC ATCC 43300). For S. aureus (ATTC 43300), the summer crude extract displayed lower antibacterial activity than the control streptomycin, the summer extracts had a zone of inhibition of 14.17 mm while streptomycin had a 16.67 mm zone of inhibition. winter extracts had a zone of inhibition of 12 mm while streptomycin had a 13.67 mm zone of inhibition. For E. coli (ATCC 25922), the summer crude extract displayed higher antibacterial activity than the control gentamycin; the summer extract had a zone of inhibition of 18.05 mm while gentamycin had a 17.5 mm zone of inhibition. The winter extracts had a zone of inhibition of 8.5 mm. while gentamycin had a 14.5 mm zone of inhibition. Between seasons, summer had better antibacterial activity compared to winter for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, tannins, and terpenoids, alkaloids, phytosterols, saponins, steroids, and carbohydrates. Potent radical scavenging activity was exhibited for the hexane and methanolic extracts for summer and winter, indicating that Mangifera indica is a potential source of medicinally important compounds. Antibacterial screening showed positive results with antibacterial properties for both summer and winter samples revealing its valuable biological activities. Summer overall performed better than the winter season. Future studies on this plant species are recommended to advance the use of indigenous herbal medicine or produce novel drug leads. To our knowledge, this study represents the first recent investigation in South Africa describing key foliar micromorphological features, phytochemicals, and biological activities of Mangifera indica L.

Metal nanoparticles in the field of nanotechnology are of great interest to modern scientific research due to their size effects, medical uses and, catalytic, electronic and optical properties. Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles is a feasible alternative to chemical methods as it is environmentally friendly and cost effective. In continuation with our research on green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Kenyan medicinal plants, we here report the synthesis of novel silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on ultrasonic bath using Adansonia digitata leaves extracts and analysis of their antibacterial activity. The nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis, High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), FTIR spectroscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX). EDX analysis affirmed the nanoparticles were pure silver. Crystalline nature of the nanoparticles was confirmed by bright circular spots in the Selected Area Electron Diffraction (SAED) in HRTEM image. The AgNPs were spherical with an average size 13 nm. FTIR analysis showed strong –C=C- and –OH stretching bands due to compounds capping the nanoparticles. The synthesized AgNPs showed high inhibition zones of 17.1±0.130 mm towards Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and 12.9±0.082mm towards Gram positive bacteria S. aureus. The aqueous A. digitata extract had no effect on growth inhibition of test bacteria. The study showed that the silver nanoparticles synthesized from the plant’s leaves extract had antibacterial activity against both Gram negative and positive pathogenic bacteria. The nanoparticles can be utilized towards developing novel drugs useful in combating pathogens.

In this study, leaf extracts from various plants such as Lemon (Citrus limon), Banana (Musa balbisiana), Neem (Azadirachta indica), Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis), Hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis), Mint (Mentha arvensis) and Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) were prepared for the development of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Their formation was confirmed by UV-Vis spectrophotometer (400–430 nm) whereas their morphology was examined by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) presenting a variety of different shapes ranging from irregular to elliptical. Zeta sizer assessed their size (78.54–633.51 nm) and distribution (100%) produced after using plant leaf extracts. The smallest size was produced by Coriander (78.54 ± 0.12 nm) with spherical morphology enclosing a zeta potential of –9.91 mV while, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) validated its crystalline nature. The antibacterial properties were examined against Klebsiella pneumoniae (BTCB04), Acinetobacter sp. (BTCB05) and Staphylococcus aureus (BTCB02) with concentrations of AgNPs between 3–7 µg/mL signifying efficient outcome with plant-leaf extracts of coriander which established the smallest AgNPs. A maximum zone of inhibition (ZOI) with Klebsiella pneumoniae (BTCB04) at 32.5 ± 0.18 mm was detected which can be of use for medicinal studies in future.

Metal nanoparticles are essential due to their unique catalytic, electrical, magnetic, and optical characteristics, as well as their prospective use in sensing, catalysis, and biological research. In recent years, researchers have focused on developing cost-effective and eco-friendly biogenic practices using the green synthesis of metal nanoparticles (AgNP). In the present study, the aqueous extracts prepared from the leaf, stem, bark, and flower of Neolamarkia cadamba were used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Visible spectroscopy, zeta potential, dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and EDAX. The current study showed absorption of synthesized AgNPs at 425, 423, 410, and 400 nm. Dynamic light scattering of AgNPs Showed size distribution of AgNPs synthesized from leaf, stem, and flower aqueous extracts ranges from 80-200 nm and AgNPs prepared from bark extract ranges from 100-700 nm. Zeta-potential of the biosynthesized AgNPs was found as a sharp peak at -23.1 mV for the leaf, -27.0 mV for the stem, -34.1 mV for the bark, and -20.2 mV for the flower. Silver nanoparticles and crude extracts of Neolamarkia cadamba showed effective antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant activities. Silver nanoparticles have substantial antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and also exhibit the utmost antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger. The study concludes that the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from N. cadamba leaf, stem, bark, and flower extract is a reliable and eco-friendly technique.

The extract of Carpesium cernuum whole plant was successfully used as a green factory for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles in a one-step, one-pot process. The extract efficiently reduced silver ions to spherical silver nanoparticles. The size was measured as 13.0 ± 0.2nm from high resolution transmission electron microscopic images. The reaction yield was determined to be 99.6% using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. The silver nanoparticles were highly stable for 28days at ambient temperature without forming agglomeration or aggregation of nanoparticles. Dose-dependent antioxidant activity of the silver nanoparticles was observed in terms of the scavenging activity of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals. The silver nanoparticles also exerted cytotoxicity on Mus musculus skin melanoma cells (B16F10) and human lung cancer cells (A549) in a dose-dependent manner. Specifically, the cytotoxicity of the silver nanoparticles on A549 cells was closely associated with apoptotic cell death. Cellular uptake of the silver was evaluated via inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and a higher percentage of silver was taken up by A549 cells (22.6%) than by B16F10 cells (17.3%). This result indicated that higher cellular uptake of silver nanoparticles resulted in higher cytotoxicity on A549 cells. Therefore, plant extracts are capable of being valuable natural sources for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles that exhibit potent biological activities for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications in future nanomedicine.

Desert truffles are an obligate hypogenous ectomycorrhizal fungi in association with host plant roots Helianthemum sp. and are of socioeconomically important and naturally grown in the Middle East, North Africa, Southern Europe, Mediterranean countries including Arab Gulf countries. Truffles are edible and a rich source of protein and various chemical compounds and traditionally have been used as folk medicine in the Arabian countries. The last decade has witnessed an increase research interest focused on the biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles using fungi as natural sources and as a good tool in nanobiotechnology. Nevertheless, recently metal nanoparticles have been widely applied in multidisciplinary fields including medical and pharmaceutical applications. Among nanometals, silver nanoparticles are of great significance to be used in pharmaceutical aspect as antimicrobial agent. According to our knowledge little information so far is available regarding biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles by the truffles and to search for new antimicrobial alternatives, therefore, the objective of this study was to explore the desert truffle (Tirmania nivea) for its potentiality to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and to examine their efficacy against five strains of human pathogenic bacteria namely; Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus. Fruiting bodies (Ascocarps) of the truffle T. nivea were collected from the sandy desert of Iraq and brought to the laboratory, washed thoroughly with distilled water and dried at room temperature. Twenty gram of dried fruit bodies of truffle were grounded and dissolved in boiled water and filtered using Whatman filter paper No 1. For synthesis process of silver nanoparticles, 100 mL of truffle extract filtrate was treated with 1 mM of AgNO3 solution and kept for 24 hr at dark condition and synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was checked by visual observation of color changes from pale yellow to dark brown and was further confirmed by UV – Vis spectrum. Fungal filtrate without AgNO3 was maintained as control. The potentiality of silver nanoparticles was examined for their antibacterial efficiency using agar well diffusion method against the selected strains of pathogenic bacteria. Wells (5 mm diam) were made in Muller-Hinton agar (MHA) plates streaked with swabs of each bacterial strain. The wells were loaded with two concentrations (50 and 100 μl) of synthesized silver nanoparticles solutions, incubated at 37 °C for 24 hr and examined for the appearance of inhibition zones around the wells and their diameters were measured. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) assay was carried out using the micro dilution method with serial dilutions (100, 50, 25, 12, 6.5, 3.13, 1.56, 0.78, 0.39, 0.2, 0.1, 0.05, 0.025 μg/L) of the truffle extract filtrate against two strains of bacteria E. coli (ATCC 25922) and S. aureus (NCTC 6571). Disc diffusion method was used to assay the synergistic effect of synthesized AgNPs with commonly used antibiotic Gentamycin. Cytotoxicity of the truffle extract was examined against human blood. Characterization of the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles from truffle extract was carried out by using UV-Vis spectrophotometer analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles exhibited a high growth inhibition activity at 50 μl/ml concentration (12–25.5 mm inhibition zones dim) and at 100 μl/ml (14.5–28 mm inhibition zones diam) against the tested pathogenic bacterial strains. Among the tested bacteria, highest growth inhibition was noticed against P. aeruginosa (25.5 and 228 mm diam) at the two concentrations of AgNPs, respectively. However, a remarkable increase of bacterial growth inhibition zones (23–37 mm diam) was observed for a combination of silver nanoparticles and Gentamycin compared with Gentamycin alone (20–30 mm diam). MIC values were very low (0.312 and 0.0097 μg/ml) against the two tested bacterial strains E. coli and S. aureus, respectively. The truffle extract did not show any toxicity against human blood. UV-Vis spectrophotometer analysis revealed a peak at 420 nm indicating the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles, FTIR analysis verified the detection of protein capping of biosynthesized AgNPs while SEM images showed that the synthesized silver nanoparticles are dispersed or aggregated and mostly spherical shape and their size ranging between 3–41 nm. It can be concluded that the biosynthesized silver nanoparticles by the desert truffle T. nivea are a promising for future medical and pharmaceutical applications as antibacterial agent and a further investigation to examine their efficacy in vivo is recommended.