Abstract
Integrated surface water–groundwater (SW–GW) models could be used to assess the impacts of climate change or variability on the hydrological cycle. However, the damping effects of the hydrological system have rarely been explored via integrated SW–GW modeling. This paper presents an integrated modeling study in a typical humid area, the Miho catchment in Korea, using an integrated model called Groundwater and Surface-water FLOW (GSFLOW). The major findings of this study are as follows: (1) The simulated results from 2005 to 2014 indicate that the temporal variability in the streamflow, stream-groundwater interactions and groundwater recharge are dominated by the precipitation, while the temporal variability in the evapotranspiration (ET) is controlled by the energy conditions; (2) Damping effects can affect the hydrological cycle across different temporal and spatial scales. At the catchment scale, the soil zone and aquifer play a dominant role in damping the precipitation on monthly and annual time scales, respectively; (3) Variability in the capacity to buffer earlier precipitation is found at small spatial scales, such as streams, and larger spatial scales, such as the whole catchment. This variability could affect the water balance at larger spatial scales and affect the hydrography recession at smaller spatial scales.
Highlights
The hydrologic cycle describes the continuous movement of water on Earth [1]
The streamflow and groundwater head calibration period was from 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2011, and the remaining three years were treated as the validation period
We presented a systematic modeling study of complex hydrological processes in a typical humid area using an integrated surface water–groundwater (SW–GW) modeling approach
Summary
The hydrologic cycle describes the continuous movement of water on Earth [1]. It is a challenging task to estimate the total water storage in a catchment, due to their heterogeneity of the system and the difficulty to measure the system properties and system states [2]. Despite their importance, surface water (SW) and groundwater (GW) are usually analyzed as two separate domains because their processes occur on different time scales, and it is challenging to measure their interactions [3,4]. To better understand the hydrologic cycle, lots of efforts have been made to develop physically-based integrated hydrological models (IHMs); e.g., InHM [5], MIKE-SHE [6,7], Hydrogeosphere [8], PARFLOW [9], SWAT-MODFLOW [10], MODHMS [11], GSFLOW [12] and others
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