Abstract
Loss of water due to leakage is a common phenomenon observed practically in all water distribution networks (WDNs). However, the leakage volume can be reduced significantly if the occurrence of leakage is detected within minimal time after its occurrence. Based on the discriminative behavior of different consumption in water balance, an integrated bottom-up water balance model is presented for leak detection in WDNs. The adaptive moment estimation (Adam) algorithm is employed to assess the parameters in the model. By analyzing the current value and the rising rate of the assessed parameters, abnormal events (e.g., leak, illegal use, or metering inaccuracy) could be detected. Furthermore, a one-step-slower strategy is proposed to estimate the weighted coefficient of pressure sensors to provide approximate location information of leak. The method was applied in a benchmark WDN and an experimental WDN to evaluate its performance. The results showed that relatively small leak could be detected in near-real-time. In addition, the method was able to identify the pressure sensors near to the leak.
Highlights
This section concerns the implementation of the proposed method as an online leak detection method, and its performance was compared with the method based on principle component analysis (PCA)
An integrated bottom-up approach for leak detection was proposed in this paper to achieve the quantification of different consumptions of water losses and detect leak events in water distribution networks
The method was successfully applied in an experimental real pipeline network and a benchmark water distribution networks (WDNs)
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Farah et al [29] applied the water balance model as a tool to estimate the severity of leakage within a zone They used relevant historical data to directly calculate the possible leakage in the WDNs. most of the methods based on it are implemented through long-term data and can detect whether there are leakage events over a long period of time. The fixed and variable area discharge (FAVAD) theory [30] was employed to model the real losses consumption through pressure data gather from WDNs. Based on the hydraulic information (e.g., pressure, inlet flow, and water usage) gathered by SCADA system, the water losses consumption of water balance model could be estimated. The proposed integrated bottom-up approach was illustrated through a benchmark model and a real pipeline network
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