Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the effects on remineralization of a novel iontophoresis device called ‘Fluorinex’, conventional (acidulated phosphat fluoride) APF gel treatment, and conventional ionthophoresis device comparatively by laser fluorescence measurements. Study Design: Artificial incipient carious lesions were created on immature, 60 intact premolar and molar teeth with no defects. The specimens were randomly allocated to four groups. In the first group 1.23% APF gel was applied to specimens by conventional method for 4 minutes and in the second group 2% (sodium fluoride) NaF solution applied by conventional iontophoresis device for 4 minutes. In Fluorinex group specimens were pretreated with (copper chloride) CuCl2 for 1 minute and then treated for 4 minutes with 1.23% APF gel in a Fluoritray. Control group was placed in distilled water for 4 minutes. After these applications all specimens were included to a pH cycling. DIAGNOdent pen measurement were obtained in three different time intervals; after incipient carious lesions, after fluoride treatments and after pH cycling. Specimens were studied by SEM(scanning electron microscopy) after artificial caries lesions and fluoride treatments. Results: Alterations on DIAGNOdent pen measurements before and after treatment, the Fluorinex group was statistically different from conventional APF gel (p=0.011), conventional NaF iontophoresis (p<0.001) and control group (p<0.001). As the DIAGNOdent pen measurements before treatment and after pH cycling were compared, differences were statistically significant in Fluorinex and conventional APF gel groups (p<0.001). Conclusions: The results of this in vitro study has shown that fluoride application by Fluorinex was superior to the conventional APF gel application and NaF iontophoresis on incipient carious lesions. Key words:Fluoride, iontophoresis, remineralization.
Highlights
Recent studies have focused on non-invasive treatment strategies for early caries lesions [1]
The reproducibility between DIAGNOdent pen measurements obtained after pH cycling and one week later was 99.96%
To investigate the demineralization and remineralization differences on the mesial and distal side of the same tooth, laser fluorescence measurement were recorded from two sides
Summary
Recent studies have focused on non-invasive treatment strategies for early caries lesions [1]. The effectiveness of topical fluoride as a cariostatic agent has been well established and professional topical fluoride applications are commonly used to arrest the progression of active caries [2]. The principle mechanism of topical fluoride applications is to form calcium fluoride [CaF2] on the enamel surface. The CaF2 on the tooth surface can act as fluoride reservoir to promote remineralization of enamel. CaF2 on the enamel surface is dissolved within 24 h. This problem could be overcome by penetrating fluoride ions into lesions in a more effective manner. Fluoride iontophoresis [FI] could be an alternae327
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