Abstract
High data transmission efficiency is a key requirement for an ultrasonic phased array with multi-group ultrasonic sensors. Here, a novel FIFOs scheduling algorithm was proposed and the data transmission efficiency with hardware technology was improved. This algorithm includes FIFOs as caches for the ultrasonic scanning data obtained from the sensors with the output data in a bandwidth-sharing way, on the basis of which an optimal length ratio of all the FIFOs is achieved, allowing the reading operations to be switched among all the FIFOs without time slot waiting. Therefore, this algorithm enhances the utilization ratio of the reading bandwidth resources so as to obtain higher efficiency than the traditional scheduling algorithms. The reliability and validity of the algorithm are substantiated after its implementation in the field programmable gate array (FPGA) technology, and the bandwidth utilization ratio and the real-time performance of the ultrasonic phased array are enhanced.
Highlights
The technology of multi-group ultrasonic sensors that consist of lots of piezoelectric elements and various scanning patterns of an ultrasonic phased array (UPA) have recently attracted widespread attention in the non-destructive testing area [1,2]
The results show that the value of ηbw ( N ) is between 92% and 100%, for example, for the above experiment of 4-group scanning based on the MFBSS algorithm, when VRf equals to 24.375
The novel MFBSS algorithm was proposed on the basis of the FIFOs variable lengths by field programmable gate array (FPGA)
Summary
The technology of multi-group ultrasonic sensors that consist of lots of piezoelectric elements and various scanning patterns of an ultrasonic phased array (UPA) have recently attracted widespread attention in the non-destructive testing area [1,2]. Long et al proposed a time-division-multiple-access-based energy consumption balancing algorithm for the general k-hop wireless sensor networks, where one data packet is collected in one cycle, and the results demonstrated the effectiveness of the algorithm in terms of energy efficiency and time slot scheduling [19]. These strategies can effectively improve the efficiency of the data transmission, they increase the complexities of both hardware and software, and their application scopes are limited, which makes such strategies not suitable for UPA of the multi-group sensor scanning system because of limited hardware and software resources and high real-time request.
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