Abstract
I develop a new scattering operator suitable for improved gradient computations in adjoint wave-equation reflection tomography (i.e. wave-equation migration velocity analysis). The development of the operator follows from an analysis of velocity-depth ambiguity, and the extension of this concept to wave equation techniques. I further demonstrate how the residual field associated with this scattering operator is directly related to residual moveout on downward-continued angle gathers, or equivalently, to zero-offset focusing in the subsurface offset domain. The combined use of this new scattering operator and residual field results in a new adjoint wave-eqution tomography method with improved sensitivity and convergence characteristics when compared with differential semblance. I demonstrate use of the technique on a simple 2D elliptical model, as well as a 3D example from an area of significant complex structure in the Gulf of Mexico.
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