An IgA, IgG and IgM-containing human immunoglobulin for oral administration to high-risk bottle-fed newborns. I. Immunochemical characterisation and antibody activity.

Abstract

Antibodies to a wide spectrum of infectious agents belonging to the IgA, IgM and IgG isotypes are thought to be one of the protective factors in human milk. Cow milk-fed newborns are at an increased risk of infections as well as of allergic diseases and of necrotising enterocolitis. A reasonable approach would be to add to the milk formula fed to them the immunoglobulins present in human milk. We developed a pasteurised immunoglobulin preparation from pooled donor plasma ('Orabulin') containing 75% IgG, 18% IgA and 6% IgM for feeding to high-risk bottle-fed babies. Its molecular composition was studied by HPLC and by SDS-PAGE. The levels of IgA, IgG and IgM antibodies in Orabulin were compared to these in the immunoglobulin fraction of human colostrum and an enrichment was found. It is suggested that the presence of a standardised amount of human IgM in an immunoglobulin preparation intended for feeding to newborns may bring an additional advantage because of the high opsonising and virus-neutralising activity of the antibodies of this isotype.