An Extensive Critique on Microgrid Control Techniques

Abstract

Current research in electrical power systems is mainly focus on implementation of smart grid. A microgrid is coming under the category of fundamental unit of smart grid and more than half decade many research implemented on the microgrid. It gives the integration of several distributed energy sources, energy storage elements and multilevel converters topology in the load side to maintain the uninterruptable power supply. Microgrid is commonly functioned in grid connected way during normal conditions and operated in standalone mode during the abnormal conditions. In both the modes the control and operational of the micro grid is same. This article delivers the various functions and control such as matching of voltage, frequency sharing of loads in optimal way, isolation during fault and maintenance conditions is been incorporated in this survey. The real time implementation and control issues, characteristics of microgrid from ideal conditions and normal stage to fault stage, the various applications in residential and commercial buildings is incorporated in this survey. The various technical issues during grid connected and isolated mode is presented in this article. Commonly in four control methodologies is applicable to micro grid operations such as hierarchical control, distributed control, decentralized and centralized control. Every approach is surveyed in brief manner with respect to the operations applications and characteristics. It also indicates various research intervals and future scope. The technical challenges in real time implementation as well as outcomes were shortly examined. Lastly, the study of various methods for microgrids integration, realization and features of smart grid is also surveyed.