Abstract
BackgroundMost studies examining complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) stakeholder engagement with evidence-based practice have relied on quantitative research methods, which often fail to capture the nuances of this phenomena. Using qualitative methods, this study aimed to explore the experiences of CAM stakeholders regarding the barriers and enablers to the conduct and application of research.MethodsThis research was guided by a qualitative descriptive framework. CAM practitioners and researchers of multiple CAM disciplines from across Australia and New Zealand were invited to share their personal perspectives of the study phenomena. Semi-structured interviews were conducted via Zoom, which were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Rigour strategies were applied to ensure the credibility of results. The transcript was analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsCAM stakeholders identified an array of barriers and enablers to the conduct and application of research within their disciplines. The barriers and enablers that emerged were found to be inter-connected with two similar constructs: capacity and culture. Captured within the construct of capacity were five themes—lack of resources, inadequate governance/leadership, lack of competency, bias directed from outside and within CAM, and lack of time for research. Within the construct of culture were two themes—intrinsic perceptions in CAM, and lack of communication within and outside CAM.ConclusionsPromoting evidence-based practice and engaging with research in CAM continues to face challenges. This study, for the first time, has highlighted the multitude of interlinked barriers that confront CAM stakeholders when engaging with research. These findings highlight the need for a concerted and targeted approach to tackle these challenges.
Highlights
complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) stakeholders identified an array of barriers and enablers to the conduct and application of research within their disciplines
This study, for the first time, has highlighted the multitude of interlinked barriers that confront CAM stakeholders when engaging with research
Almost five decades have passed since Archie Cochrane challenged conventional health practices, which paved the way for the present-day evidence-based practice (EBP) movement [1]
Summary
Almost five decades have passed since Archie Cochrane challenged conventional health practices, which paved the way for the present-day evidence-based practice (EBP) movement [1]. Structural barriers to EBP include a lack of facilities [20], awareness [8], competence [21], resources [8] These barriers have been shown to negatively impact research generation [22] and evidence utilisation [23]. By contrast, enabling strategies such as research planning, collaboration to develop research, research training [24], fostering an organisational culture, and research support prioritisation [25] have shown some promise in facilitating the uptake of evidence-based practices. Most studies examining complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) stakeholder engagement with evidence-based practice have relied on quantitative research methods, which often fail to capture the nuances of this phenomena. This study aimed to explore the experiences of CAM stakeholders regarding the barriers and enablers to the conduct and application of research
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