An Empirical Study of Grid Fins Aerodynamic Performance in Low-Subsonic Flight

Objective and impartial evaluation of operational performance for urban public transport has a great influence on transportation development in city. Based on the analysis of the influencing factors of operational performance for public transport, an empirical study of operational performance for public transport in Hebei Province is brought out by DEA. And the analysis finds out that there are only 20% cities which are scale efficiency. Based on the projection analysis, the main reason of scale inefficiency is the lack of the total amount passenger transport, therefore, this paper puts forward some specific recommendations to solve this problem. Thus it could be useful for the government to make relevant policies to improve the operational performance for public transport.

(1977). Empirical Study of Training and Performance in the Marathon. Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education and Recreation: Vol. 48, No. 4, pp. 769-777.

SummaryPrevious empirical work suggests that firms with high environmental performance tend to be profitable, but questions persist about the nature of the relationship. Does stronger environmental performance really lead to better financial performance, or is the observed relationship the outcome of some other underlying firm attribute? Does it pay to have cleanrunning facilities or to have facilities in relatively clean industries? To explore these questions, we analyze 652 U.S. manufacturing firms over the time period 1987–1996. Although we find evidence of an association between lower pollution and higher financial valuation, we find that a firm's fixed characteristics and strategic position might cause this association. Our findings suggest that “When does it pay to be green?” may be a more important question than “Does it pay to be green?”

Thousands of extensions can be installed on the Joomla CMS with various functions. One of them is the map and location extension, which is useful for meeting the needs of content that display information in the form of visual maps and locations. The Phoca Maps and MX Maps extensions are two of the many map and location extensions available on the Joomla Extension Directory website, downloadable and widely used. This study aims to provide a reference for Joomla CMS users in terms of managing content related to maps and locations through empirical studies of the performance of Phoca Maps and MX Maps extensions. In measuring extension performance, Google Lighthouse is used to audit all quality aspects that support the performance of a web application. The research results found that, in general, the desktop and mobile performance of the Phoca Maps and MX Maps extensions was unsatisfactory. This can be seen from the performance testing results for First Contentful Paint, Speed Index, Largest Contentful Paint, Time to Interactive, Total Blocking Time, and Cumulative Layout Shift.

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Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) have been widely employed to solve water resources problems for nearly two decades with much success. However, recent research in hyperheuristics has raised the possibility of developing optimisers that adapt to the characteristics of the problem being solved. In order to select appropriate operators for such optimisers it is necessary to first understand the interaction between operator and problem. This paper explores the concept of EA operator behaviour in real world applications through the empirical study of performance using water distribution networks (WDN) as a case study. Artificial networks are created to embody specific WDN features which are then used to evaluate the impact of network features on operator performance. The method extracts key attributes of the problem which are encapsulated in the natural features of a WDN, such as topologies and assets, on which different EA operators can be tested. The method is demonstrated using small exemplar networks designed specifically so that they isolate individual features. A set of operators are tested on these artificial networks and their behaviour characterised. This process provides a systematic and quantitative approach to establishing detailed information about an algorithm's suitability to optimise certain types of problem. The experiment is then repeated on real-world inspired networks and the results are shown to fit with the expected results.

THE INVESTIGATION here reported seeks an swers to two questions: To what extent can the pre dictive qualities of selected college entrance exam inations serve counselors and advisors in guiding education majors who are required to take co u r s e work in mathematics as a part of their curriculum? Assuming the validity and reliability of the scores from the selected tests, to what extent do such var iables as motivation and interest intervene to re duce the predictability value of these instruments (4)? The first question can be answered by testing the relationship between the entrance test scores of students majoring in education and the letter grades they received in mathematics course work.x* The oretically, a measure of relationship indicates a degree of predictability for the test and vice versa. Counselors and advisors could deter m ine the relative risk in assigning mathematics course work on the basis of entrance test score rank. high rank score would suggest probabil ity of success while a low rank score would suggest some need for preliminary work in a prepar ato ry course or special tutoring in the foundation of gen eral mathematics. 2 This, however, is a simplified theoretical ex planation in the prediction of performance. As for what occurs in the empirical setting, a corollary to this theoretical framework must be entertained. This is related the problem of answering the second question. Theoretically, motivational and interest factors intervene to a greater or lesser degree to produce performance levels not totally congruent with entrance test score rank (1). Obviously, theory serves to explain the disparity between entrance test score rank and actual perfor mance but it cannot fully answer the question as to the degree to which intervening m o t i v a tional and interest variables are operative for individual cases. Herein lies the problem of performance prediction,, The sample tested in this study is primarily composed of students majoring in elementary edu cation although mathematics education and indus trial education majors are well rep resented. The sample is segmental in nature and is composed of students whose entrance dates range from 1950 through 1955. The testing program was virtually unchanged during this period of time. The cases were recorded without reference to age, sex, or marital status. An attempt was made to minimize the inclusion of transfer students from other col leges within the University and to exclude transfer cases from schools outside of the University., The total number of cases employed in the sample is 100. However, since most students enr o lied in more than one mathematics course, the N value is greater than 100 for most of the cross-tabulationSo Tables I, II, and HI show percentage distributions of mathematics course grades and percentile scores for selected entrance examinations. The over all pattern appears to be absence of a gradient for per centage values consistent with the gradient for per centile rank scores. Rank Correlations (3). Several rank correlation values were computed to test the relationship be tween the observed performance and the exp e c t e d performance in mathematics on the basis of en trance tests. The disparity between the actual and the theoretical conditions is demonstrated schemat ically with corresponding correlation values. The greater the disparity, the greater the support for the theory of intervening variables. The reverse is true when the disparity is slight. It is interest i n g to note that the modal or most popular grade achiev ed in mathematics is C for most of the entrance tests regardless of percentile score range. This is in spite of the fact that Tables I, II, and III show higher percentages of A and B grades for the upper ranges of test scores. The Performance Profile. d e m ons trat ion of the relationship between performance in specific mathematics courses most frequently taken by ed

Combining existing theories, and original fieldwork and data on 1671 robotic surgery operations performed by more than 100 surgeons within a large university polyclinic during a four-year period, w...

Scientists who want to exploit the computing power of the latest parallel architectures are faced with a diverse set of architectures and a number of programming languages, models and approaches. Among several such programming techniques are directive-based programming models, OpenMP and OpenACC. This paper explores the similarities and the functionality gaps between both models and presents insights into the translation process of constructs from OpenMP to OpenACC. An empirical study of performance and portability across multicore platforms and GPU accelerators for varying workload sizes is also presented.

As the manufacturing sector adopts Industry 4.0, the need arises for flexible and highly reliable wireless communication networks. 5G has been designed to support these industrial needs, but choosing the right deployment option is nontrivial. In this paper we empirically measure KPIs of three different commercially available 5G deployment options in the Aalborg University 5G Smart Production Lab and compare them in terms of the KPIs and deployment complexity. Option 1 being fully Non-Public Networks (NPN), option 2 using a private RAN connected to a public EPC through a WAN connection, and option 3 using private RAN and public EPC through IPsec. We find that NPN and PN 5G can deliver comparable performance in terms of latency, throughput and packet loss. As such PN 5G are found to be very competitive with NPN solutions, especially when considering upfront costs and complexity of maintenance. NPN is found to deliver best in class latency while having the advantage of total privacy.

An empirical study of performance using Clone & Own and Software Product Lines in an industrial context

Analyzing Prominent LLMs: An Empirical Study of Performance and Complexity in Solving LeetCode Problems

The increasing demand for computation and the commensurate rise in the power density of data centers have led to increased costs associated with constructing and operating a data center. Exacerbating such costs, data centers are often over-provisioned to avoid costly outages associated with the potential overloading of electrical circuitry. However, such over-provisioning is often unnecessary since a data center rarely operates at its maximum capacity. It is imperative that we maximize the use of the available power budget in order to enhance the efficiency of data centers. On the other hand, introducing power constraints to improve the efficiency of a data center can cause unacceptable violation of performance agreements (i.e., throughput and response time constraints). As such, we present a thorough empirical study of performance under power constraints as well as a runtime system to set appropriate power constraints for meeting strict performance targets. In this paper, we design a runtime system based on a load prediction model and an optimization framework to set the appropriate power constraints to meet specific performance targets. We then present the effects of our runtime system on energy proportionality, average power, performance, and instantaneous power consumption of enterprise applications. Our results shed light on mechanisms to tune the power provisioned for a server under strict performance targets and opportunities to improve energy proportionality and instantaneous power consumption via power limiting.

Memory power consumption has become a main driving force of new memory technologies. Low voltage DDR3 (DDR3L) has emerged to provide optimal solution for performance and power for certain market segments. With empirical data, this paper demonstrates the scaling of DDR3L signal integrity performance and power consumption at full system level. The signal integrity performance is degraded by 10∼20% in terms of voltage and timing margin with strong DRAM vendor sensitivity. The DRAM power consumption is reduced by ∼20%. The impact to mobile notebook average and self-refresh power is also examined.

The popularity of relationship marketing has increasingly grown in the past couple of decades. Retailers recognize that satisfying and retaining consumers by building relationships is one of the most sustainable competitive advantages. Although the use of loyalty cards is popular in retailing, a lot of customer loyalty programs are virtually interchangeable, lacking in attractiveness and differentiation. Therefore, it is important to identify the determinants of customer satisfaction relating to these programs. Does aiming for customer satisfaction mean understanding and anticipating what customers want from a loyalty card program? A Kano model of customer satisfaction is investigated; and “attractive”, “must-be”, “one-dimensional” and “indifferent” requirements are identified based on a sample of 300 customers.