Abstract
In this paper, an electronically polarization re-configurable circular patch antenna, with fixed resonantfrequency and operating at Wireless Local Area Network(WLAN) frequency band (2.4–2.48 GHz,) is presented. Thestructure of the proposed design consists of a circularpatch as a radiating element fed by a coaxial probe, coop-erated with four equal-length slits etched on the edge alongthe x-axis and y-axis. A total of four switches were usedand embedded across the slits at specific locations, thuscontrolling the length of the slits. By activating and deacti-vating the switches (ON and OFF) across the slits, the cur-rent on the patch is changed, thus modifying the electricfield and polarization of the antenna. Consequently, thepolarization excited by the proposed antenna can beswitched into three types; linear polarization, left-handcircular polarization or right-hand circular polarization.This paper proposes a simple approach that enablesswitching the polarizations and excites at the same oper-ating frequency. Simulated and measured results of theideal case (using copper strip switches) and the real case(using PIN diode switches) are compared and presented todemonstrate the performance of the antenna.
Highlights
Antenna is a key and critical component in wireless telecommunication systems
linear polarization (LP) is excited when two switches on the x-axis and y-axis are ON, which means no phase difference between both orthogonal resonant modes. This proposed antenna works in three polarization modes; namely LHCP, right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) and LP
This paper presents a simple technique to achieve polarization reconfigurable antenna, with a fixed resonant frequency, that operates within Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) frequency band
Summary
Antenna is a key and critical component in wireless telecommunication systems. The evolution of the antenna has rapidly grown and been extensively investigated. Flexibility and reconfigurability features could result in the adaptability of the antenna to address complex system requirements and new specifications Through this concept, the number of components, sizes and hardware complexities could be reduced [2] - the cost would be more economically efficient. Reconfigurability can be achieved in different ways, such as through deliberate modification of the antenna physical structure, radiating edge and feeding network These changes will alter the current flows and distributions on the antenna structure, modifying the performance characteristics. The biasing technique applied in this paper is much simpler and requires smaller dimensions This manuscript is divided into two main sections based on the type of switch adopted: “Design A” (ideal diode) and “Design B” (PIN diode). The simulated and measured results for both designs are presented, compared and analyzed
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