An Efficient Deep Learning Mechanism for Predicting Fake News/Reviews in Twitter Data

Abstract

Recently, social media platforms have been widely utilized as information sources due to their effortless accessibility and reduced costs. However, online platforms like Instagram, Twitter and Facebook get influenced by their users via fake news/reviews. The main intention of spreading fake news is to mislead other network users, which highly affects businesses, political parties, etc. Thus, an effective methodology is needed to predict fake news from social media automatically. The major objective of this proposed study is to identify and classify the given Twitter input data as real or fake through deep learning mechanisms. The proposed study involves four stages: pre-processing, embedded word analysis, feature extraction, and fake news/reviews prediction. Initially, pre-processing is performed to enhance the quality of data with the help of tokenization, stemming and stop word removal. Embedded word analysis is done using Advanced Word2Vec and GloVe modeling to enhance the performance of a proposed prediction model. Then, the hybrid deep learning model named Dense Convolutional assisted Gannet Optimal Bi-directional Network (DC_GO_BiNet) is introduced for feature extraction and prediction. A Dense Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) is hybridized with a bi-directional long-short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) model to extract the essential features and predict fake news from the given input text. Also, the proposed model’s parameters are fine-tuned by adopting a gannet optimization (GO) algorithm. The proposed study used three different datasets and obtained higher classification accuracy as 99.5% in Fake News Detection on Twitter EDA, 99.59% in FakeNewsNet and 99.51% in ISOT. The analysis proves that the proposed model attains higher prediction results for each dataset than others.