Abstract
The main goal of the research is to develop a method for accounting for uncertain data on scenarios for the development of emergency situations in nuclear reactors of a new generation. The method involves reducing the number of deterministic analogs (ideally, to two), in which the problems of reactor optimization (mathematical programming) should be solved. The proposed method is much more efficient in comparison with traditional techniques based on the use of uniformly distributed sequences. With the same accuracy, it was possible to reduce the calculation time by an order of magnitude. As an example, the layout of the BN-800 type reactor with sodium coolant and nitride fuel is considered. The most dangerous emergency situations - ATWS (anticipated transient without scram) - are considered. The researches carried out by the author make it possible to obtain the characteristics of a new generation reactor, which are optimal for a given criterion, in which severe accidents are excluded. This is the significance of research. The method can be used to study reactors of various types. The method is relevant at the initial stages of reactor development.
Highlights
At the present stage of energy development, special attention is paid to environmental problems
The researches carried out by the author make it possible to obtain the characteristics of a new generation reactor, which are optimal for a given criterion, in which severe accidents are excluded
The elimination of the entire set of severe accidents is achievable in BREST reactors
Summary
At the present stage of energy development, special attention is paid to environmental problems. A prerequisite is to ensure the safety of nuclear power plants based on the elimination of severe accidents (with unacceptable releases of radioactive substances outside the nuclear power plant), disposal of radioactive waste, and ensuring a non-proliferation regime. These three problems can be solved with fast reactors. The elimination of the entire set of severe accidents is achievable in BREST reactors (fast reactors with lead coolant and mixed mononitride fuel [2,3]). In Russia, the construction of a pilot demonstration reactor of low power has begun (BREST-OD-300, JSC "Siberian Chemical Combine", Seversk, Tomsk Region). Events of the ATWS type (anticipated transients without scram) and their combinations are considered
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