Abstract
The grid integration of a photovoltaic solar system operating with maximum power point tracking is being presented in this paper. The system uses a dc-dc converter for power tracking while employing finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) to govern the dc-ac inverter. An effective control scheme that employs only FCS-MPC in the entirety of its control layer is proposed, where three control objectives; the regulation of the dc-link voltage, the injection of active power, and the injection of reactive power to the main grid have been achieved within a single cost function. The controller avoids translating dc-link voltage deviations to the active power reference and controls all variables directly in the cost function. The controller’s feasibility has been evaluated through experiments where experimental testing using OPAL-RT has been carried out to prove the concept. The results show that all three control objectives can be achieved efficiently using the proposed method, with minimal error in the controlled variables. Furthermore, the controller shows high robustness against parameter mismatch and grid inductance variations.
Highlights
T He integration of intermittent solar energy to the utility grid poses many challenges due to its effect on the quality of the power injected into the grid as well as the stability of the grid
In the grid connected mode, the solar PV must operate in maximum power point tracking (MPPT) mode to be efficient in extracting the optimal available power
For MPPT, the perturb and observe (P&O) approach has been selected in this article, where the control algorithm uses measured voltage and current from the solar PV system to observe changes to the power and voltage deviation at each control time step
Summary
T He integration of intermittent solar energy to the utility grid poses many challenges due to its effect on the quality of the power injected into the grid as well as the stability of the grid. A three-level-NPC multilevel inverter topology is proposed in [16] and makes use of FCS-MPC These methods simplify control by eliminating linear controllers and provide a good dynamic and steady state performance, they result in an increase in the amount of mathematical calculations per control cycle and give rise to additional design complexity due to the presence of a weighting factor. The developed control technique is purely based on MPC without any other controllers This approach avoids the use of multiple cascaded PI controllers and implements the control of active and reactive power and dc-link voltage in a single MPC equation, offering less complex design efforts and a reduction in the number of parameters to be tuned.
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