Abstract
In the past 5 years, advances in ion chromatography have allowed the detection of the perchlorate ion (ClO4 −) at levels as low as 4 μg L−1 1. The California Department of Health Services (CDHS) has advised that wells containing more than 18 μg L−1 ClO4 − not be used as aeven though there is no federal drinking water standard for ⊗44 wells in California have ClO4 − at detectable levels and 38 wells exceed the CDHS action level of 18 μg ClO4 − L−1 2. In Riverside and San Bernardino, California, some drinking water wells contain up to 216 μg L−1 ClO4 − and 9 wells have been closed in this area.2 Because of the unknown health effects of ClO4 −, which may include adverse effects on the thyroid gland,3,4 there is an urgent need to devise methods to remove ClO4 − from groundwater and drinking water.5,6
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