Abstract
An autonomous current-sensing system consisting of a SmFe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /PZT/SmFe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> self-biased magnetoelectric (ME) composite and a Fe <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">73.5</sub> Cu <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> Nb <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> Si <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">13</sub> . <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> B <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">9</sub> nanocrystalline flux concentrator for weak current detection at the power-line frequency is presented and characterized. Giant magnetostrictive material of SmFe2 plate with large anisotropic constant provides a huge internal anisotropic field to bias the ME sensors in a closed magnetic loop. Consequently, the additional magnetomotive force induced by the internal field as well as the corresponding increased effective permeability contributes to the sensitivity improvement. Experimental results demonstrate that the presented sensor has a higher sensitivity of 152 mV/A at 50Hz with a slight nonlinearity of ~0.01%FS and matches well with the predicted value. This presented current-sensing device exhibits approximately 2.3 times higher sensitivity than that of conventional ME composite with PZT and Terfenol-D plates serving as the key sensitive component. These results provide a significant advancement toward promising application of the tri-layer self-biased ME laminate for power-line electric cords monitoring.
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