Abstract
While bottom reverberation is typically dominant over surface reverberation at mid-frequencies in shallow water, sea surface roughness has a significant impact on transmission loss and hence on reverberation. Measurements of this effect can be difficult with a system deployed from a moving ship due to both the system motion and the constraints of operating the ship safely in the rough seas of interest. To overcome these difficulties, the Autonomous Reverberation Measurement System (ARMS) has been developed under an ONR-sponsored DURIP. This system is a benthic lander with a directional source and receive array mounted on a rotation stage. Powered by batteries and programmed prior to deployment, the system can measure reverberation from 2-6 kHz as a function of direction autonomously for up to 3 months. This system was deployed in the spring of 2017 as part of an experiment conducted off Geoje Island, Republic of Korea. During this experiment, the ARMS was deployed in 28 m of water and measured reverberation in a muddy sand environment with a range-dependent water depth that was punctuated with rock outcroppings on the seafloor. [Work supported by the U.S. Office of Naval Research.]
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