An assessment of low cycle fatigue damage using magnetic Barkhausen emission in 9Cr–1Mo ferritic steel

Abstract

A non-destructive, magnetic Barkhausen emission (MBE) technique has been used to assess various stages of low cycle fatigue (LCF) damage in 9Cr–1Mo ferritic steel. The initial decrease in the MBE peak height in the early stage of LCF cycling indicates the cyclic hardening stage, in which the formation of dislocation tangles reduces the mean free path of the domain wall movement. The increase in the MBE level again on further cycling indicates the progressive cyclic softening stage where the rearrangement of dislocation tangles into cells enhances the domain wall movement. The unaltered behaviour of MBE on continued cycling shows the saturation stage where the stabilization of dislocation substructure maintains the MBE level. Finally, a sharp increase in the MBE peak value identifies surface crack initiation and propagation, which is ascribed to the movement of additional reverse domains produced at the crack surfaces. This study establishes that the MBE technique can be used to assess the progressive degradation in the fatigue life of the ferritic steel components.