Abstract
The chromosomes of the artificial triploid carp consist of three complete genomes from Xingguo red carp ( Cyprinus carpio), mirror carp ( Cyprinus carpio) and red crucian carp ( Carassius auratus). Starch and polyacrylamide gel analysis reveals that some SOD and s-MDH alleles of red crucian carp are undetectable in tissues of the artificial multiple triploid carp. It was found that the majority of oocytes of female artificial multiple triploid carp (XXX) developed to maturity, but spermatocytes of the male (XXY) developed abnormally and no spermatozoa were found. The external features of the triploid carp egg are quite different from those of normal diploid eggs. Sections of fertilized eggs reveal that the majority of eggs are polyspermous. Irradiated sperm was used to induce the gynogenesis of the artificial multiple triploid carp eggs. The eggs cleaved and developed normally, but the numbers of chromosomes of gastrular cells were variable, i.e., 50, 75, 100 and 150. This suggests that the behavior of the chromosomes in meiosis is polytypic, and some female nuclei of the eggs remain triploid after activation. All viable offspring of gynogenetic artificial multiple triploid carp are triploid and no segregation was found in their appearances, scale-covering type and body coloration.
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