Abstract
This study aimed to present an approach that identifies priority management areas to drought focused on field crops and groundwater wells using the MCDM method. Groundwater wells are the primary source of water during drought for field crops. Nevertheless, the systematic management of groundwater wells has not been achieved. Thus, this paper intends to establish a plan that can manage groundwater wells through a vulnerability assessment. This study used TOPSIS, a widely applied multi-criterion decision-making algorithm, to evaluate 158 cities and counties in Korea. This study chose the assessment factors by focusing on drought and classifying the positive and negative elements of the wells. Precipitation, groundwater level, and pumping capacity were considered to have positive effects, while cultivated area, the number of consecutive days without rain, and the proportion of private groundwater wells were considered as negative factors. As a result, the pumping capacity per cultivation area is the major factor affecting management priorities and groundwater well vulnerability. This study presents an approach to assess the drought vulnerability of field crops focused on groundwater wells and select a priority management area, which facilitates efficient well management and reduces damage to crops caused by local droughts.
Highlights
Drought is a phenomenon of water imbalance due to lack of rainfall and is a characteristic of a climate that recurs normally and regularly [1]
TOPSIS determines the alternative with the shortest geometric distance from the positive ideal solution (PIS) and the longest geometric distance from the negative ideal solution (NIS) [8,33,34,35]
Data collection was performed by the administrative units of cities and counties, but some local governments were excluded from the evaluation, since their data were not readily available
Summary
Drought is a phenomenon of water imbalance due to lack of rainfall and is a characteristic of a climate that recurs normally and regularly [1]. In Korea, more than 60% of annual rainfall is concentrated during the three-month rainy season, so Korea has a meteorological environment that is very vulnerable to drought. The incidence and intensity of droughts have recently increased due to rapid climate change. The damage from drought is concentrated in the agricultural field. The lack of water reserve rates in most regions of the country due to the lack of precipitation has greatly increased social interest in drought as paddy and field crops suffer from drying out, and countermeasures are urgent [3]. In the spring of 2015, the drought occurred at 7358 ha (2822 ha of rice paddies and 4536 ha of field per nationwide cultivation area) [3,4]
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