Abstract

본 연구는 ‘학교 밖 청소년 지원 조례’가 ‘학교 밖 청소년 지원에 관한 법률(이하 학교밖청소년법)’과의 관계를 반영한 형태로 제정되었는지를 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 2020년 8월 현재 기준 서울특별시 본청 및 서울시 25개 기초자치단체에서 제정된 조례를 연구 대상으로 삼고 조례의 내용분석을 하였다. 연구 결과 ‘학교 밖 청소년 지원 조례’의 제정 수준은 매우 낮은 상태로 조례와 법령과의 관계가 조화롭지 못했다. ‘학교밖청소년법’의 내용 그대로 가져와 조례로 제정하였거나, 선택적으로 법의 내용을 제외시킨 수준으로 굳이 조례가 없더라도 ‘학교밖청소년법’에 근거하여 지원이 가능한 수준이었다. 또한 기초자치단체 조례가 구체적으로 제정되어야 함에도 ‘학교밖청소년법’과 서울시 본청 조례보다 더 추상적으로 제시된 내용도 많아 조례의 기능이 제대로 작동되지 못한 것으로 나타났다. 반면 해당 지방자치단체의 특성을 반영한 일부 특색이 있는 조례 내용이 제정되기도 했다. 서울시 본청 조례의 ‘학업진행 및 취업에 필요한 자격취득을 위한 비용 지원’과 ‘진로탐색 기회 제공을 위한 장학금 지원’ 기초자치단체 조례의 ‘학교중단위험 청소년 대상 특별지도 프로그램 운영’, ‘학교 밖 청소년 가정에 대한 상담 및 지원 안내’ 등은 ‘학교밖청소년법’에는 없거나 서울시 본청 조례에도 없는 내용으로 구성되었다는 점에서 조례의 기능이 잘 작동되었다고 볼 수 있다. 이는 곧 해당 지방자치단체의 특성, 문제, 욕구를 반영하여 제정됐다고 해석할 수 있다. 조례는 법령의 내용을 구체화하거나 해당 지방자치단체의 특성을 반영하여 제정되어야 하는 특징을 가지고 있으므로 현재와 같은 조례의 제정 방식은 수정될 필요가 있다. 법령에서 규정한 내용은 전국적으로 동일하게 적용되므로 조례에서 그 내용을 반복적으로 규정할 필요는 없으며 지방자치단체의 특성을 반영하여 법령에 없는 내용을 규정하는 노력이 필요하다. 그러므로 ‘학교밖청소년법’과 광역자치단체 조례, 기초자치단체 조례가 조화롭게 기능하기 위해서는 광역자치단체 조례 차원에서 ‘학교밖청소년법’에 근거하여 서울시의 특성인 문제와 욕구를 반영한 조례 내용을 구성하고, 기초자치단체 조례에서는 ‘학교밖청소년법’과 서울시 본청 조례에 근거하여 해당 기초자치단체의 문제와 욕구를 반영한 조례 내용으로 구성할 필요가 있다.This study attempted to examine whether the Ordinances in Support of Out-of-School Youths was enacted in a form reflecting the consistency with the Act on Support for Out-of-School Youths (hereinafter referred to as the Out-of-School Youth Act ). For this purpose, as of August 2020, the ordinances enacted by the Seoul Metropolitan Government and the 25 local governments in Seoul were the subjects of the study, and the provisions of the ordinances were analyzed. According to this study, the levels of the enactment of the Ordinances in Support of Out-of-School Youths were very low, and the relationship between the ordinances and the laws was not harmonious. In some cases, the provisions of the Out-of-School Youth Act were taken without modification and enacted as ordinances, or the provisions of the law were selectively excluded even if there was no ordinance, it was possible to apply based on the Out-of-School Youth Act. In addition, although the ordinances of the local governments had to be enacted in detail, there were many more abstract provisions than the Out-of-School Youth Act and the Seoul Metropolitan Government Ordinance, indicating that the function of the ordinances did not work well. In some instances, however, some specific ordinances were enacted to reflect the characteristics of the relevant local government. It can be observed that the function of the ordinance has performed effectively in that the provisions such as Support for costs for certifications required for academic progress and employment and Scholarship support to provide career exploration opportunities in the Seoul Metropolitan Government Ordinance, Introduction of special guidance programs for youth at risk of school interruptions and Guide to family consultation and support for the youth outside school were included neither in the Out-of-School Youth Act nor in the Seoul Metropolitan Government Ordinance. It can be construed that this was established by reflecting the characteristics, problems, and desires of different local governments. Since ordinances have features that need to be established by embodying the provisions of the laws or reflecting the characteristics of each local government, the current method of enacting the ordinances needs to be amended. Seeing that the provisions stipulated by laws and regulations are applied consistently nationwide, it is redundant to repeatedly stipulate them in the ordinances. Instead, it is required to make efforts to stipulate the provisions missing in the laws and regulations, reflecting the different needs of local governments. Therefore, in order for the Out-of-School Youth Act, the metropolitan government s ordinances, and the regional municipalities ordinances to function in harmony, the provisions of the ordinance reflecting the problems and desires, which are the characteristic of the Seoul metropolitan area based on the Out-of-School Youth Act at the level of the metropolitan ordinances. In addition, the regional municipalities ordinance needs to be configured of the provisions of the ordinance reflecting the problems and needs of different local governments based on the Out-of-School Youth Act and the Seoul Metropolitan Government Ordinance.

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