Abstract

The biblical tale is a product of nearly random telling, retelling, revision and redaction over a period of centuries, which resulted in a narrative framework that is not intended to be reliable in the modern sense. Nevertheless, four details in the evidence suggest that the Bible may preserve the memory of a historical exodus from Egypt. From these data, it might be suggested that the biblical Exodus tale is a combination of traditions from three distinct ethnic groups, whose stories were merged at Jerusalem during the Iron II period. These three groups were: (a) ethnic Israelites residing in Judah, (b) descendants of the LB-IA 1 Shasu living in Judah, and (c) the Jerusalemites.

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