Abstract
the past few years the study of music from a neuroscientific perspective has considerably improved, allowing the evolution of both theoretical knowledge and constructs related to cognitive musical processing. Both neuroimaging studies and studies of individuals who suffer from selective deficits of musical abilities have favored the construction of useful models to understand the mechanisms of musical processing, thus revealing its complexity and eliciting the hypothesis of the modular organization of music in the brain. This article reviews studies of cognitive musical processing with a focus on deficits in musical abilities and the neuropsychological model of cognitive musical processing developed by Isabelle Peretz. This model is an important contribution to neuroscientific studies of music because it furthers the understanding of selective deficits in different components of musical processing that occur in both individuals who incur brain damage and those with congenital amusia. The model also serves as theoretical support for diagnosing different types of amusia.
Highlights
Music is a social and artistic activity that has been present in all epochs and civilizations but is a complex cognitive ability
Studies performed with individuals who present selective deficits in musical abilities caused by brain damage (e.g., Peretz et al, 2003) allowed the construction of useful models to understand amusia and the components involved in musical processing
The findings suggested that congenital amusia has a hereditary component that is equivalent to the order of magnitude of heredity found in linguistic impairment
Summary
Music is a social and artistic activity that has been present in all epochs and civilizations but is a complex cognitive ability. Marin & Perry (1999) defined amusia as an acquired clinical disorder in the areas of reading, writing, perception, and musical performance caused by brain damage that is not the result of other more basic sensorial, motor, or cognitive deficits They considered the existence of perceptual amusias as those that involve symbolic systems of reading and writing (based on prior knowledge) and others related to vocal performance or motor activities. Studies performed with individuals who present selective deficits in musical abilities caused by brain damage (e.g., Peretz et al, 2003) allowed the construction of useful models to understand amusia and the components involved in musical processing. Melodic and temporal, define the components of musical analysis, sending its respective outputs or a combination of both
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