Abstract
The biostimulatory effect of selected organic wastes on bacterial biodegradation of atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-1,3,5-triazine) in three agricultural soils in Bauchi state, Nigeria, was carried out. The soil physico-chemical characteristics were investigated to further understand the environmental conditions of the sampling sites. Enrichment technique was used to isolate the atrazine-degrading strains. Mineralization studies were carried out to determine atrazine biodegradation potentials of strains. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification of total nucleic acid of strains revealed several bacterial species based on nucleotide sequence analyses. Biostimulatory effect of selected organic wastes carried out showed minimal to average extent of biodegradation. The highest mean values, in CFU/mL, increase in biomass was recorded in Pseudomonas sp for both Cow dung 16.76 (42.03%) and Chicken droppings 12.32 (38.46%). However, biostimulatory effect using consortia provided more promising results, with 41.51% and 42.08% in Cow dung and Chicken droppings, biomass increase, respectively, in studies conducted. This proves that competition, survival of inoculums, bioavailability of organic amendments and nature of chemical are important factors affecting bioremediation.
Highlights
Soil contamination and its adverse effect on the overall ecosystem is one of the major problems we are facing today
This work investigates the prospects of using selected organic wastes (Cow dung and Chicken droppings) in biostimulation of atrazine biodegradation in agricultural soils
The results showed that the mean comparative biostimulatory effect of bacterial strain, in cfu/10–4 mL, was 10.50 and 06.07; 14.56 and 09.97; 11.06 and 07.45; 12.07 and 08.45; 09.76 and 10.88; 09.88 and 8.88; 16.76 and 12.50 in Agrobacterium sp, Rhodococcus sp Aagrobacterium sp, Brucella sp, Athrobacter sp, Acinetobacter sp and Pseudomonas sp, in cow dung and chicken droppings, respectively (Table 4)
Summary
Soil contamination and its adverse effect on the overall ecosystem is one of the major problems we are facing today. Agrochemicals needed to boost agricultural activities have adverse effect on soil microflora, especially soil-acting herbicides. Many are deadly substances to human and soil microcosms [1]. Degradation of these chemical pollutants by indigenous microbes in soil has shown to be limited by sub-optimal growth conditions. The microbial processes that will employ in the clean-up dictate what nutritional supplements the bioremediation system must supply. Microorganisms are excellent degraders of herbicides in the soil, some reparation may need to be brought about in order to stimulate them to degrade pollutants. Effective use of biostimulants requires thorough understanding of amendment/herbicide and microbial interaction in the soil. This work investigates the prospects of using selected organic wastes (Cow dung and Chicken droppings) in biostimulation of atrazine biodegradation in agricultural soils
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