Amorphous and crystalline alloys for reversible hydrogen storage

Abstract

The optimal compositions are selected and amorphous alloys based on various metals (nickel, magnesium, rare-earth elements, iron, chromium, zirconium, titanium, etc.) are developed in the form of rapid-quenched tape having amorphous, nano-, and microcrystalline structures. The obtained intermetallic compounds with various compositions might be used for hydrogen storage. The accumulation of hydrogen by Zr-based amorphous samples is established to be 1.8 times higher than the capacity of the same but crystalline sample. The crystalline samples belonging to the Mg-Ni system are found to accumulate up to 3.2 wt % hydrogen upon hydrogenation and to release a three times larger amount of hydrogen than zirconium-based alloys upon dehydrogenation. The accumulating hydrogen capacity in this case, \(\Delta C_{H_2 } = C_{H_2 }\) (sorption) — \(C_{H_2 }\)|(desorption), is significantly higher for the Mg-Ni samples than for the zirconium-based samples.