Abstract
Background and Purpose: Hepatorenal toxicity is a side effect of the anthracycline cytotoxic antibiotics, doxorubicin that is used in cancer treatment. The study investigated the ameliorative potential of Clerodendrum volubile ethanol leaf extract (CVE) on doxorubicin (DOX)-induced hepatorenal toxicities.
 Methods: Male Wistar rats were pretreated with Clerodendrum volubile ethanol leaf extract (50 - 400 mg/kg/day, p.o) followed by intraperitoneal injection of 2.5 mg/kg of DOX on alternate days for 14 days. Hepatorenal toxicity was assessed using renal function parameters (serum electrolytes, blood urea and creatinine), hepatic function endpoints [aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB) and total bilirubin (TB)]. In addition, the antioxidant activity in the kidney and liver tissues were assayed and histological studies of these tissues were also conducted.
 Results: Oral pretreatment with 50 mg/kg/day, 100 mg/kg/day, 200 mg/kg/day and 400 mg/kg/day of CVE remarkably ameliorated DOX-induced liver and kidney injury by lowering the serum ALT, AST, ALP, Cr and BUN levels. CVE pretreatment remarkably ameliorated DOX-induced increases in the CAT, SOD and GPx activities and MDA levels compared to the DOX-treated rats. The biochemical changes were corroborated by improvements in the DOX-induced histological lesions seen in the hepatic and renal tissues examined.
 Conclusions: Overall, these findings suggest that Clerodendrum volubile ethanol leaf extract elicits protective effect against DOX-induced hepatorenal toxicities mediated primarily via oxidative stress suppression and improvement in the free radicals scavenging activities of CVE.
Highlights
Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the widely used broad spectrum anthracycline antibiotics and one of the most potent cytotoxic drugs use in the clinical management of solid and hematological malignancies (Injac and Strukelj, 2008; Chen et al, 2016)
In continuation of our investigation into the possible therapeutic potentials of Clerodendrum volubile ethanol leaf extract (CVE) against doxorubicin-induced organ toxicities, this study investigated the possible potential of CVE against DOX-induced hepatorenal toxicities
Effect of CVE on Body Weight Changes of Doxorubicin-treated Rats Table 2 shows the effect of repeated intraperitoneal doxorubicin injections and oral pretreatments with 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/day of CVE on the average body weight on day 1 and day 14 as well as percentage weight change (%∆wt.) of rats
Summary
Doxorubicin (DOX) ( known as Adriamycin) is one of the widely used broad spectrum anthracycline antibiotics and one of the most potent cytotoxic drugs use in the clinical management of solid and hematological malignancies (Injac and Strukelj, 2008; Chen et al, 2016).These malignancies include but not limited to cancers of the breast, lungs, thyroid, urinary bladder and ovaries, Kaposi's sarcoma, Hodgkin‟s lymphoma and acute lymphocytic leukemia for which it is often combined with other cytotoxic agents (Tacar et al, 2013). DOX stabilizes the topoisomerase II complex after it has broken the DNA chain for replication, preventing the DNA double helix from being resealed and thereby halting replication (Pommier et al, 2010) It is often combined with other cytotoxic agents such as cyclophosphamide, bleomycin, vinblastine, vincristine, prednisolone, 5-fluoruracil, in cancer treatment “cocktails” (Rivankar, 2014). The study investigated the ameliorative potential of Clerodendrum volubile ethanol leaf extract (CVE) on doxorubicin (DOX)-induced hepatorenal toxicities.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callMore From: Pharmacology and Toxicology of Natural Medicines (ISSN: 2756-6838)
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
