Ameliorating Effect of Platelet- rich plasma on Histological and Biochemical Changes Induced by Bisphenol-A in Prostate of Adult Albino Rats

Abstract

The incidence of male reproductive disorders has been increased and may be linked to the environmental natural and synthetic chemicals. These chemicals are known as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs); Bisphenol-A (BPA) is the most common one. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is an autogenous and economical source of growth factors which nowadays used in the tissue repair. So, this study aimed to use the histological and immunehistochemical approaches for evaluating the possible therapeutic effect of PRP against BPA induced prostatic lesions in adult albino rats. Thirty five adult male albino rats were divided into 3 main groups. Group I served as control, Group II in which the rats were received 50 mg/kg BPA once daily for 4 weeks, Group III in which the rats were received BPA as group II then 0.5 ml of PRP subcutaneous injected twice weekly for 4 weeks. After 8 weeks, rats of all groups were subjected to the followings; biochemical analysis of serum testosterone, immunohistochemical studies for androgen and estrogen receptors (AR &ER), light and electron microscope examination. Serum testosterone levels showed a highly significant decrease in group II when compared to others. Histologically, BPA treated prostate showed abundant collagen fibers with congested blood vessels and inflammatory cellular infiltration while, their acini showed numerous folds with epithelial stratification. Ultrastructurally, the secretory cells had heterochromatic nuclei, dilated endoplasmic reticulum, apical few microvilli and polymorphic secretory granules with lysosomes. Nearly all acinar cells showed negative nuclear ARs while positive ERs detection in basal cells. After PRP administration, showed amelioration of many of these changes. We concluded that exposure to BPA at low dose induced deleterious effects on the histological structure of the prostate and disturbed reproductive hormones. PRP showed significant signs of restoration of these changes.