Abstract
A static-exchange formalism is proposed based on the assumption that the scattering electron undergoes the same interaction as the extra electron in the negative ion of the target atom. In this method the wave function of the negative ion of the target atom is calculated, and the wave function of the frozen neutral core of the negative ion is used in the calculation of the interaction of scattering electron with the target atom. The screening effect of the incident electron on the target atom is approximated by that of the absorbed extra electron on the neutral core of the corresponding negative ion. The spin-polarization effect of the incident electron on the closed-shell target atoms is also considered by spin-polarized self-consistent field calculations for the negative-ion structures. A parameter-free spin-polarized correlation-polarization potential is included to represent the correlation and polarization effects in both the structure and scattering calculations. In order to account for the relativistic effects for heavy targets, a quasirelativistic approach is applied to the calculations of the negative-ion structures and the scattering processes. The results of low-energy electron scattering with Ca, Sr, Ba, and Ra atoms are given for energies between 0.01 and 5 eV.
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