Abstract
Whitening gels have been associated with several deleterious effects on teeth, oral mucosa and restorative materials, such as increased surface roughness of dental ceramics. The aim of this study was to review the current literature on the effects of bleaching gels on the surface roughness of ceramics. To this end, a search for scientific articles in the databases of the Virtual Health Library (VHL), PubMed, and Google Scholar was performed. Articles published in the last 11 years were selected, with full text available, written in Portuguese or English, and that included the determined descriptors. Several studies have brought controversial results when analyzing the correlation between bleaching agents and ceramic properties. These gels are highly oxidizing and release free radicals during the reaction, which may cause the leaching of alkaline ions and cause dissolution of the glass of the ceramic, compromising some of its properties, such as surface roughness. The increase in surface roughness is related to staining, decreased flexural strength, abrasion and wear of the antagonist teeth, and plaque aggregation. It can be concluded that there is still no consensus in the literature about the influence of bleaching agents on the surface roughness of ceramics.
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