Abstract
Based on a comprehensive study of 100 samples of safflower from the world gene pool for three years, the results of the selection of primary sources for different areas of selection (growth period, 1 plant yield, 1000 seed weight, oil content) are covered. Primary sources for different areas of selection have been identified on the basis of the study of the early maturity of seed samples, seed size, oil content in seeds, the study of the correlation between complex traits and the main economic traits. Correlation between major crop characteristics such as safflower vegetation period, main stem height, number of primary, secondary and lateral branches, total number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, plant yield, weight of 1000 seeds, oil content in seeds were studied. The highest correlation was found between the length of the main stem and the length to the first branch (r = 0.84) and the total number of baskets in one plant with the number of secondary side branches in it (r = 0.90).
Highlights
In Uzbekistan, dry land is cultivated annually on 65-70 thousand hectares of dry land; with an average yield of 6-7 q/ha [1,2,3]
More than 450 specimens of safflower are kept alive in the plant gene pool of the Research Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, of which 100 specimens of safflower are involved in our research
It was noted that the first flowers bloomed in 75-76 days after the full germination of grass in the model “114”. 8 days before the template, k-25 (Uzbekistan), k-336 (USA), k-299, k-313, k-316, 317 (Mexico), k-303, k-337 (Spain), k- 339 (Portugal, k-477, k-478, k-479 (Kazakhstan) specimens were observed to have entered the flowering stage
Summary
In Uzbekistan, dry land is cultivated annually on 65-70 thousand hectares of dry land; with an average yield of 6-7 q/ha [1,2,3]. In this country, a number of studies has been conducted on the investigation of the world collection of oilseeds, the selection of promising sources, processing, cultivation technology and diseases [4]. Grain, fruits, grapes, vegetables and melons are grown on the main irrigated areas of the country For this reason, the opportunities to expand the cultivation of oilseeds on irrigated lands are limited, and the main focus is on dry areas. Of the oil-bearing crops, only safflower and flax can be grown in dry areas because they are cold-tolerant and drought-resistant [6, 7]
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