Abstract
Airborne fungal spores are one of the major causes of human respiratory disorders that are responsible for allergic reactions, asthma and respiratory tract infections. Determination of total and specific serum Immunoglobulin E (IgE) level has been widely applied to the diagnosis of allergic diseases including allergy caused by fungi. The present study was carried out to assess the allergenic potential of dominant airborne fungal spores and its impact on the respiratory system. The BALB/c mice were sensitized intranasally with the conidial suspension of six selected fungal stains and the allergic potential was evaluated on the basis of serum IgE, differential blood cell counts and histopathology of the lung tissues from mice receiving post sensitization doses. A significant increase in the total serum IgE level was observed in the serum of all mice as compared to the control. Amongst the fungi used in the study, Aspergillus terreus showed the maximum increase in the level of serum IgE of treated animals. The differential count revealed the highest increase in the eosinophil count in mice treated with Aspergillus terreus and Penicillium sp. The histopathological analysis of the lungs of treated animals showed increased infiltration of blood cells and thickening of airway epithelia. The observation of the study indicated that spores of Aspergillus terreus have greater allergic potential than all other airborne fungi.
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