Abstract
Allergen Preparation and Standardization: An Updat
Highlights
Collection of Allergen Source Materials: Allergen source materials are classified into following categoriesPollens: The natural sources of inhalant allergens from plants are the pollens
The advantage of standardized extracts is that the biologic activity is more consistent, and the risk of an adverse reaction caused by extract potency variability should be diminished
The pollen samples are subjected to pollen purity checking for actual pollen content
Summary
Allergy is defined as an exaggerated response of the adaptive immune system typified by immunoglobulin E (IgE) responses against the offending substance called ‘allergen’ [1]. Allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis and inhalant sensitization have been appropriately referred to as first wave of the epidemic of the 21st century [3,4]. Allergen-specific immunotherapy ( known as allergy shots) identified as disease-modifying intervention for allergic disease involves subcutaneous administration of gradually increasing quantities of the patient’s relevant allergens until a dose is reached that is effective in inducing immunologic tolerance to the allergens [7]. Vials of allergen immunotherapy extracts are prepared individually ( customized) using saline buffers for each patient to reduce the risk of allergen cross-contamination, anaphylactic side effects, sensitization to unknown allergens in extract. Major allergens responsible for allergy in extract can be modified chemically or enzymatically to reduce their allergenic potential while still retaining the immunogenicity for achieving same tolerance as natural counterpart. The advantage of standardized extracts is that the biologic activity is more consistent, and the risk of an adverse reaction caused by extract potency variability should be diminished
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