Abstract
Weedy rice belongs to the same species as grown rice, and because it has similar morphophysiological characteristics, its control is difficult, bringing negative effects to the crop. Thus, the work aimed to evaluate the allelopathic potential of the main paddy rice cultivars sowing in Santa Catarina on weedy rice. In the laboratory, with treatments organized in a 4 x 5 factorial scheme, the aqueous extract of four paddy rice cultivars (SCSBRS Tio Taka, SCS 116 Satoru, SCS 121 CL and SCS 122 Miura) was evaluated in five concentrations (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%). In a greenhouse, with treatments in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, the straw allelopathy capacity of the same rice cultivars in two quantities (0.0 and 3.0 t ha-1) was evaluated to suppress germination and weedy rice initial growth. All experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design. In the first assay, the aqueous extract of the paddy rice cultivars used in the state of Santa Catarina did not have an allelopathic effect on weedy rice. In the second assay, it was found that the presence of rice straw reduced the density of weedy rice plants. However, the presence of straw on the soil favored the initial growth of the weed, significantly increasing the plant height, number of leaves per plant and shoot dry biomass.
Highlights
Weedy rice is one of the most frequent weeds and causes the greatest damage to paddy rice fields in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and Santa Catarina (SC) State, with reduced yield and quality of the harvested product (Nunes et al, 2018)
The aqueous extract of the main paddy rice cultivars used in the state of Santa Catarina has no allelopathic effect on weedy rice
The presence of rice straw on the soil reduced the density of emerged weedy rice plants
Summary
Weedy rice is one of the most frequent weeds and causes the greatest damage to paddy rice fields in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and Santa Catarina (SC) State, with reduced yield and quality of the harvested product (Nunes et al, 2018). That is why it became important to search for agronomical alternatives that are efficient to suppress or eliminate this problem, and, maximize grain yield and preserve the industrial and culinary quality of the harvested product. Among allelochemicals commonly cited as responsible for causing direct and indirect effects are phenolic compounds, terpenes and nitrogen compounds (Macías et al, 2019). A series of secondary metabolites synthesized by rice can suppress the growth of weeds, including fatty acids, indols, momylactones, phenolics and terpenes (Khanh et al, 2005).
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