All the single ladies? Detector finds, dispersed data and suboptimal sources in the study of Viking Age metalwork

This report presents the results of the analysis of selected case studies on how ICT-enabled social innovations promoting social investment can contribute to the modernisation of social protection systems in the EU. The case studies are drawn from 14 different Member States and address diverse social services and policy domains. Evidence from the analysis points to the strong potential of using new approaches based on ICT-enabled social innovation to support public authorities, at various governance levels, in their efforts to improve the effectiveness and impact of social services delivery mechanisms and outreach. The analysis makes a first attempt to assess the relationship between different typologies of ICT-enabled social innovation and the broader social protection system in which they are embedded. However, more research is needed to better understand the potential impact these initiatives could have on enhancing the adequacy and sustainability of welfare systems in the EU.

To illustrate an approach to data analysis in qualitative case study methodology. There is often little detail in case study research about how data were analysed. However, it is important that comprehensive analysis procedures are used because there are often large sets of data from multiple sources of evidence. Furthermore, the ability to describe in detail how the analysis was conducted ensures rigour in reporting qualitative research. The research example used is a multiple case study that explored the role of the clinical skills laboratory in preparing students for the real world of practice. Data analysis was conducted using a framework guided by the four stages of analysis outlined by Morse ( 1994 ): comprehending, synthesising, theorising and recontextualising. The specific strategies for analysis in these stages centred on the work of Miles and Huberman ( 1994 ), which has been successfully used in case study research. The data were managed using NVivo software. Literature examining qualitative data analysis was reviewed and strategies illustrated by the case study example provided. Discussion Each stage of the analysis framework is described with illustration from the research example for the purpose of highlighting the benefits of a systematic approach to handling large data sets from multiple sources. By providing an example of how each stage of the analysis was conducted, it is hoped that researchers will be able to consider the benefits of such an approach to their own case study analysis. This paper illustrates specific strategies that can be employed when conducting data analysis in case study research and other qualitative research designs.

본 연구의 목적은 '교육방법 및 교육공학'이라는 교직과목에 음악 테크놀로지 기반 학습(Music Technology-Based Learning: MTBL)을 활용한 수업사례이다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 '교육방법 및 교육공학' 과목에 MTBL를 활용한 팀별 프로젝트 수업을 진행하였으며, 16주간의 수업진행 후 본 사례연구에 대한 개방형 설문과 심층인터뷰를 실시, 분석하여 다음과 같은 결론을 도출하였다. 본 사례연구에 MTBL 활용은 이론중심의 교직과목에 다양한 교육매체를 활용한 수업으로 '흥미, 재미', '능동적인 학습 참여' 등 학습자들의 호의적인 반응과 이와 다르게 MTBL의 활용은 '교직과목과 연계가 안됨', '융복합수업의 어려움' '수업 이외 개별 공부 시간이 요구됨' 등 교직과목에서의 MTBL 활용에 대한 부정적인 학습자들의 시각도 볼 수 있었다. 본 연구의 분석결과, 교직과목에서 MTBL 활용은 부분적으로 본 사례연구 과목을 이해하는 도움이 되는 결과를 볼 수 있었다. 그러나 이론중심의 교직과목에 MTBL의 활용은 현재까지 어려움도 가지고 있다. 따라서 MTBL 수업은 하나의 새로운 교수-학습 접근 방안으로 창의적이고 전문적인 교사를 양성하기 위한 교직과정의 개발 및 운용을 위해 더 많은 사례연구과 수업개발이 필요하다. The researcher's objective is to analyze a case study from the teaching profession course entitled "Instructional Methods and Educational Technology: IMET," in which the instructional method 'Music Technology-Based Learning: MTBL' has been implemented. In addition to the analysis and the completion of the associated 16-week coursework, the researcher conducted an open-ended survey, and conducted and analyzed in-depth interviews, with participants in the case study. Using MTBL in IMET has elicited mostly favorable responses from participants such as "interesting" and "fun." They also mentioned "active learning participation." There were also negative responses to MTBL, citing "the lack of interconnection between MTBL and other teaching profession courses," "the difficulty of hybrid and convergence classes," and "the need for additional time and attention in an individual study." The analysis of this case study indicates that the use of MTBL in teaching profession courses somewhat enhances the understanding of the general concept of integrating technology into education, although some difficulties remain. The analysis of more case studies is required in order to establish more effective training courses, in which learning is not limited to the theoretical aspects of education. Using MTBL as an integrated part of the educational method would help to foster more creative and professional teachers.

Social Informatics and Information Retrieval Systems

This study examines the adaptive reuse of properties for the development of social housing, focusing on the benefits, challenges, and best practices associated with this approach. Through a comprehensive literature review and analysis of case studies, the research investigates how adaptive reuse can address housing shortages while promoting sustainable urban development. The study identifies key economic, environmental, and social benefits of adaptive reuse in social housing, including cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and community revitalisation. It also explores the technical, financial, regulatory, and social challenges often arising in such projects. The research presents a detailed analysis of successful adaptive reuse case studies, highlighting effective strategies to overcome common obstacles. Based on these findings, the study proposes a set of best practices for planning, designing, and implementing adaptive reuse projects in social housing. The paper concludes with policy recommendations and suggestions for future research, highlighting the potential of adaptive reuse to contribute significantly to sustainable and inclusive urban housing solutions.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential of the study of strategic cohesion in the form of case study analysis. In addition to the theoretical part, the study presents a case study analysis of the strategic cohesion of two companies. Design/methodology/approach: The paper highlights the methodology in the research approach: reductive approach vs holistic approach. To this end, based on the analysis of the literature, the main areas and relationships of the occurrence of strategic coherence were identified, both in the holistic and reductive research approaches. In the next stage of the research - a case study was used as a tool for studying the strategic coherence of enterprises. Findings: The results of the analysis of the two cases suggest that achieving strategic coherence of an organization is important from the perspectives of its development and survival in the market. Crucial to achieving coherence appears to be the commitment of the organization's CEO to support strategic coherence. Research limitations/implications: The analysis of the literature indicates methodological difficulties in defining research methods for studying the strategic coherence of an enterprise (Romanowska, 2018; Mielcarek, 2020). The future research process, due to the complexity and difficulty of implementing tools to measure the strategic cohesion of an enterprise, requires great care in interpretation. Trying to propose a universal tool requires the decision to choose a holistic or reductionist approach. The holistic approach seems the most appropriate yet difficult to implement (Romanowska, 2018). The weaknesses of the reductionist approach are due to the subjective reduction of relevant variables. Limitations in the conducted research stem from the use of the case study as a research method. Its weaknesses include: the inability to create generalizations, random data collection, and the degree of structuring of individual cases (Czakon, 2011). Practical implications: Awareness of the importance of strategic consistency by the organization's CEO in the area of managerial decision-making can have a significant impact on the effectiveness and efficiency of business management. Social implications: The research construct (originally addressed to the analysis of the strategic coherence of enterprises) can be adapted to the study of the strategic coherence of public organizations (Latham, 2017) at different levels and areas of operation. The direct implications for society can manifest in more coherent strategies of individual municipalities, cities or provinces. The study of cohesion should ensure a more balanced and harmonious development of society. Originality/value: This paper appears to systematize research approaches in the area of strategic coherence. It is pointed out that case study analysis can be a tool for studying strategic coherence in the VUCA world in a holistic approach. Keywords: strategic coherence, strategic change, strategic leadership, VUCA. Category of the paper: case studies.

An Introduction to Statistical Methods and Data Analysis

The maritime industry facilitates over 80% of global trade by volume, yet it faces significant challenges, including ship collisions, piracy, technical failures, and environmental disasters. This chapter explores case study analysis as a research tool to understand and mitigate these risks, emphasizing its role in enhancing maritime safety, security, and sustainability. Also, it discusses why case study analysis is crucial in maritime research. It outlines how to structure maritime case studies. Additionally, it explores key considerations in maritime case study analysis. The chapter also presents case study examples and lessons learned from maritime incidents, highlighting best practices for improving policies and risk management strategies in the maritime sector. Furthermore, the chapter generalizes how case study analysis can be applied in maritime studies to examine operational inefficiencies, accident investigations, environmental impact assessments, security threats, and policy effectiveness. By using structured case study methodologies, researchers and industry professionals can uncover root causes, identify patterns, and develop actionable insights to enhance decision-making and risk management in maritime operations. The findings contribute to advancing maritime safety by bridging the gap between academic research and industry applications, ensuring that lessons from past incidents inform future best practices.

Approaching Market Intelligence Concept through a Case Analysis: Continuous Knowledge for Marketing Strategic Management and its Complementarity to Competitive Intelligence

Computer-mediated communication (CMC) tools can be used to integrate time-intensive tasks, such as case study analyses, more easily into formal learning environments. How students talk together online in CMC environments is an area that has not yet been thoroughly investigated. This paper extends findings from a previous study by comparing two groups of preservice teachers analyzing cases in a synchronous and asynchronous environment. A case study and computer-mediated discourse analysis approach was taken to make sense of the discussion transcripts and student reflections. Booth and Hulten’s (2003) taxonomy of learning contributions is used as an analysis framework. Students made more participatory moves to establish presence in asynchronous environments and more interactive moves in synchronous environments. Reflective contributions were made in both environments, with few learning moves made in either. Students participated asymmetrically in both modes. The interplay between types of contributions, affordances of each mode, student preferences and student epistemological beliefs is explored, with implications for the design and analysis of case discussion tasks in CMC environments.

PurposeThis paper aims to unearth the essential components of Six Sigma for successful deployment and sustainment of service quality in four different organizations in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). More specifically, the paper is intended to determine the motivation to apply Six Sigma, Voice of Customer, Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), Critical-to-Quality (CTQ), readiness factors, Critical Success Factors, sustainment measures, tools and techniques used, challenges/barriers and performance impact on the company.Design/methodology/approachAn exploratory research methodology with multiple case study analyses was adopted to determine the answers to the research objectives. Four case studies from different service processes of four companies were analyzed. The case studies were collated from these companies via a case study protocol with pre-defined criteria.FindingsThe analysis shows that service operation improvement projects are primarily dependent on the voice of the internal customer, with return on investment in savings as the KPI of the process. Most organizations prefer cycle time and errors as the CTQs in the Six Sigma projects. Even novice users can effectively apply the Six Sigma methodology with external experts’ assistance, mentoring and interventions. Across the case studies, it is observed that the projects were successfully deployed due to the support of top management leadership, effective communication and cross-functional teams. Employee resistance to change is the common barrier observed during the case study analysis. Eventually, in all the four case studies, Six Sigma is executed with standard tools and techniques within the define, measure, analyze, improve, control (DMAIC) approach.Research limitations/implicationsThe present study’s findings cannot be generalized due to the limited number of case study analyses in different ecosystems in the UAE. The authors would like to analyse and report more case studies in service quality improvement through the Six Sigma methodology to comprehend and develop a generic roadmap for the deployment of Six Sigma in the UAE service industry.Practical implicationsThe study’s findings provide insights into commonalities and differences between the essential factors of Six Sigma deployment and sustainability in UAE companies.Originality/valueThe study results might help the policymakers and key decision makers in UAE and other countries understand the effectiveness of Six Sigma in service quality improvement with its essential factors for deployment.

Coring is a considerably costly drilling operation, but vital to retrieve valuable sources of ground-truth data in the oil and gas industry. To justify the high cost of this operation, essentially, cores should not undergo jamming and mechanical damage. Core jamming not only indicates an unprecedented termination of the operation, but also causes severe damage to the core column already taken in the barrel. This means that the cores cannot be retrieved with sufficient key performance indicators (KPIs); thus, it would not reliably represent reservoir properties. Reaching this significant target can be ensured not only by proper design, but also by online monitoring and investigation of the drilling parameters. This investigation predicated on several case studies in the Middle East to identify the effect of imperfect decisions made by the driller. Based on the experience and observations, the paper provides practical recommendations to alleviate the impact of such negative actions. The drilling parameters observed in the mud logging data of six coring case studies (of several runs from three wells in carbonate reservoirs) were investigated at the depth interval just prior to jamming occurrence. These parameters consist of rate of penetration (ROP), torque, weight on the bit (WOB), rotary speed (revolutions per minute, RPM), circulation rate, and standpipe pressure (SPP). In this work, a main cause of the core jamming occurrences is discussed; that is, the improper drilling parameters application, as mismanaged by the driller. Finally, as indications of jamming, sudden variations of the drilling parameters at the specified depth were investigated. Such study can contributeto the better monitoring for future coring operations. Based on the observations in six case studies in three wells, WOB was identified as the most significant reason causing core jamming; that is, jamming occurred when the WOB was not steadily maintained on the bit probably due to the driller’s inexperience, shift change, etc. For monitoring, torque decrease, ROP decrease, and SPP variation or decrease (following initial increases) were identified as indications of core jamming. Torque showed to be a significant parameter forjamming detection when it decreases or its trend becomes completely straight, i.e., without any variations, indicating that the core head may not be in contact with the formation. Next, drilling issues during coring (such as pump failure) can contribute to subsequent jamming. The case studies in this paper provide several observations and indications of core jamming occurrences in a limestone reservoir which can be attributed to non-optimized drilling parameters. The paper also provides several practical recommendations and measures to prevent core jamming and core damage.

Background/Purpose: Telegram is an internationally available, free, instant messaging service. Over the years, Telegram has established itself as a trailblazer and innovative choice in the domain of instant messaging services. Telegram supports a wide range of devices and is available for iOS, Android, macOS, Windows as well as Linux. Telegram’s cross-platform support is one of the reasons why it has achieved over a billion downloads and 500 million monthly active users. This paper investigates the features of the Telegram app, services offered, its corporate background and financial information related to the Telegram as an organization. The authors have also presented a SWOT analysis on Telegram, along with their observations and recommendations for improving Telegram’s services. Objective: To examine the features and services of Telegram in depth and look at the aspect that contributed to its success. Design/Methodology/Approach: Undertaking a case study by collecting data from secondary sources and presenting a comprehensive SWOT analysis on the subject of study. Findings/Result: Telegram's ultimate aim, according to research conducted through numerous resources and analysis of facts and figures, is not to earn money, and it provides a plethora of security features that have made it popular in recent years. Originality/Value: A study based on existing literature and online resources to create a comprehensive overview of the subject of study. Paper Type: Case study analysis.

BIM has solidified its position in bringing efficiency to the Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry. However, the shift to its adoption and implementation in the emerging markets has brought distortion in both the business processes and environment for Small and Medium Enterprises (SME architectural) in the industry. This is due to their limited resources to absorb the initial costs associated with such a shift. The starting point for this study was based on exploring the potentials in the development of Intellectual Capital (IC) of the SME architectural firms. This is because, even if the ability of these firms to mobilise the resources is small, the strategic decisions regarding their orientation towards a higher level of intensity in IC elements are under their control, and that can be a major catalyst for the BIM success. As a result, the study is built on Lu and Sexton’s (2009) Theory of Innovation in Small Professional Firms. Based on this theory, BIM adoption process is approached as a Knowledge-based Innovation which occurs with the development of four IC elements; Human Capital (HC), Relationship Capital (RC) and Structure Capital (SC) through Knowledge Capital (KC) to achieve BIM Business Value Creation (BBVC). This study investigates the theoretical link between the development of these four IC elements and BBVC in SME architectural firms in emerging markets; in this case Nigeria. The aim of the research is to use this evaluation framework to develop a viable business model for management and evaluation of the IC in SME architectural firms towards BBVC. The study is designed in three stages, namely through empirical enquiry, analysis, and synthesis. The empirical enquiry comprises theory formulation and fieldwork data collection; theory formulation is achieved through proposing an evaluation framework using a systematic literature review on the four elements of IC. The evaluation framework constitutes a set of independent variables comprising thirteen components categorised under the four IC elements. Each component is defined by a set of indicators, and the proposition aims to find the relationship between these indicators and components of the IC and a dependent variable concerning the BBVC capability of SME architectural firms. The evaluation framework is used to guide the collection of fieldwork data, which involves a questionnaire survey and case study interviews with a sample of SME architectural firms in Nigeria. Using multiple regression analysis on the survey data enables an evaluation of the framework. Each component and its sets of indicators represent an independent model of regression. The outcome provides statistical evidence of the relationship between the two main variables; it also gives the Relative Weighting Value (RWV) for each indicator on the components it represents and their effects on the BBVC. The case study analysis, involving six SME architectural firms identified from the survey sample as they have relatively significant BIM capabilities, is used to triangulate the data with the survey results and provide the RWV for the components and the fours ICs. The case study analysis uses two approaches: firstly, through an exploratory study of the semi-structured interviews, which is based on themes from the 13 IC components and helps to identify the different indicators employed by firms during the BBVC. Secondly, the Eigenvector method is applied to analyse a pairwise comparison judgement where each of the components discussed in the interview is compared and their relative importance weighted. The outcome helps to establish the reliability and validity of the survey data and provide the RWV of the 13 components and four elements of the ICs. The findings indicate that there is a significant relationship between the BBVC and the development of the ICs of SME architectural firms. This development occurs through fostering the motivation and capability of Human Capital, which is the most important aspect driving BBVC. The second ranked factor is the development of the support and capability of the Structure Capital, and the motivation and network resources resulting from the Relationship Capital. The least important aspect of the development is the resource management of the Knowledge Capital. The findings also involve the identification of the different RWV of each of the 13 components under the four Capitals, and the RWV of the various sets of indicators that define the 13 components. The findings enable the synthesis of a Strategic Business Model (SBM) using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) concept. The SBM depicts the prioritisation of the IC elements, based on the following four levels; Indicator, Component, Capital and Organisation Goal. The SBM enables the practitioners to manage, prioritise and optimise their IC amidst limited resources through identification and evaluation of the focus area of development. Through a focus group with experts from the industry, the SBM is further validated practically on three criteria, namely; implementability, usefulness and generality. The feedback is used to refine the model and describe its practical implications.

Purpose. The article deals with the issues of youth participation in the organization of tourist events on the example of the work of teenage instructors of The Polish Scouting and Guiding Association (ZHP). The purpose of this article is to answer the questions: who are the teenage educators, what kind of experience do they have, what is their motivation to perform such a role, do they see the results of their work? The main axis of research is to verify the hypothesis concerning the phenomenon of self-education among respondents. Method. This article regarded the author’s own qualitative research based on case study analysis. The study was conducted during scouting camps of the 2016 Summer Scout Action. Four instructors participated in the study. Findings. The interviewees, despite their young age, already have considerable experience working with children, and their participation in tourist trips, organizing leisure time within the ZHP organization stimulates them to further develop and is a source of pleasure and inspiration. The process of self-education among participants in the study - young ZHP instructors, was also observed: they are able to indicate their achievements and fields to continue working on themselves, they have strong internal motivation to achieve more goals. On the basis of the obtained research results, a model of becoming a conscious educator was constructed. Research and conclusions limitations. The case study analysis is based only on a selected piece of reality. The results cannot be generalized to the whole population. Practical implications. Thanks to the results of research, it is worth recognizing and using the effects of participation of young people in organizing tourist events in tourist practice. Originality. The presented views of the participants in the survey are an important voice in the discussion on the educational role of tourism. The originality of the research results concerns a new perspective of the analysis of self-education within or through tourism. Type of paper. This article is based on case study analysis.