All Creatures: Naturalists, Collectors, and Biodiversity, 1850-1950, by Robert E. Kohler

Previous articleNext article No AccessThe Fight for Control of African Women's Mobility in Colonial Zimbabwe, 1900-1939Teresa A. BarnesTeresa A. Barnes Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Signs Volume 17, Number 3Spring, 1992 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/494750 Views: 104Total views on this site Citations: 29Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1992 The University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Loreen Chikwira, Roda Madziva Transnational Families and Complex Gender Relations: Zimbabwean Migrant Women Living in the United Kingdom, (Jan 2023): 39–52.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15278-8_3Amon Simba, Dina Modestus Nziku Women Entrepreneurs in Zimbabwe, (Jun 2022): 251–269.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98966-8_12Miles Larmer Living for the City, 6 (Aug 2021).https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108973120Sandra Bhatasara Women, Land and Urban Governance in Colonial and Post-colonial Zimbabwe, (Nov 2020): 207–224.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52504-0_13Kirk Helliker, Sandra Bhatasara, Manase Kudzai Chiweshe Land Alienation, Land Struggles and the Rise of Nationalism in Rhodesia, (Jan 2021): 37–67.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66348-3_3Isaac C. K. Tan Science and empire: tracing the imprint of dactylography in Manchuria, 1924–1945, Japan Forum 32, no.44 (Jun 2019): 531–554.https://doi.org/10.1080/09555803.2019.1614649Sylvia Bawa, Grace Adeniyi Ogunyankin (Un)African women: identity, class and moral geographies in postcolonial times, African Identities 16, no.44 (May 2018): 444–459.https://doi.org/10.1080/14725843.2018.1474340Dominic Pasura, Anastasia Christou Theorizing Black (African) Transnational Masculinities, Men and Masculinities 21, no.44 (Feb 2017): 521–546.https://doi.org/10.1177/1097184X17694992Gloria Chuku Colonialism and African Womanhood, (Jan 2018): 171–211.https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-59426-6_7Sandra Bhatasara, Manase Kudzai Chiweshe Beyond gender: interrogating women?s experiences in FTLRP in Zimbabwe, Africa Review 9, no.22 (May 2017): 154–172.https://doi.org/10.1080/09744053.2017.1329808Dumisa Sofika, Mary van der Riet ‘I can tell that he’s serious because uyandicheckha’ : the reproduction of sexual vulnerability through scripted sexual practices, Culture, Health & Sexuality 19, no.33 (Aug 2016): 308–322.https://doi.org/10.1080/13691058.2016.1216168Ralph Callebert African Mobility and Labor in Global History, History Compass 14, no.33 (Mar 2016): 116–127.https://doi.org/10.1111/hic3.12305Mary Njeri Kinyanjui ASR FORUM: ENGAGING WITH AFRICAN INFORMAL ECONOMIES, African Studies Review 56, no.33 (Nov 2013): 147–164.https://doi.org/10.1017/asr.2013.83Dominic Pasura Modes of incorporation and transnational Zimbabwean migration to Britain, Ethnic and Racial Studies 36, no.11 (Jan 2013): 199–218.https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2011.626056JOCELYN ALEXANDER ‘HOOLIGANS, SPIVS AND LOAFERS’? : THE POLITICS OF VAGRANCY IN 1960s SOUTHERN RHODESIA, The Journal of African History 53, no.33 (Jan 2013): 345–366.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021853712000680Ashley Currier Political Homophobia in Postcolonial Namibia, Gender & Society 24, no.11 (Feb 2010): 110–129.https://doi.org/10.1177/0891243209354275Mary Adams Playful places, serious times: young women migrants from a peri-urban settlement, Zimbabwe, Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 15, no.44 (Dec 2009): 797–814.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9655.2009.01585.xDeidre Helen Crumbley Patriarchies, Prophets, and Procreation: Sources of Gender Practices in Three African Churches, Africa 73, no.44 (Mar 2011): 584–605.https://doi.org/10.3366/afr.2003.73.4.584Stephen J. Rockel Enterprising Partners: Caravan Women in Nineteenth Century Tanzania, Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue canadienne des études africaines 34, no.33 (Oct 2013): 748–778.https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.2000.10751213Andrew Ladley The ‘Proposition’, The Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law 30, no.4242 (Jan 1998): 107–122.https://doi.org/10.1080/07329113.1998.10756518Timothy Scarnecchia Mai Chaza's Guta re Jehova (city of God): gender, healing and urban identity in an African independent church, Journal of Southern African Studies 23, no.11 (Feb 2007): 87–105.https://doi.org/10.1080/03057079708708524Timothy Scarnecchia Poor Women and Nationalist Politics: Alliances and Fissures in the Formation of a Nationalist Political Movement in Salisbury, Rhodesia, 1950–6, The Journal of African History 37, no.22 (Jan 2009): 283–310.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021853700035234Marc Epprecht Gender and History in Southern Africa: A Lesotho “Metanarrative”, Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue canadienne des études africaines 30, no.22 (Mar 2014): 183–213.https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.1996.10804414Margot Lovett “She Thinks She's Like a Man”: Marriage and (De)Constructing Gender Identity in Colonial Buha, Western Tanzania, 1943–1960, Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue canadienne des études africaines 30, no.11 (Mar 2014): 52–68.https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.1996.10804407Caroline Wright Gender Awareness in Migration Theory: Synthesizing Actor and Structure in Southern Africa, Development and Change 26, no.44 (Oct 1995): 771–792.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7660.1995.tb00574.xMarc Epprecht Women's ‘Conservatism’ and the Politics of Gender in Late Colonial Lesotho, The Journal of African History 36, no.11 (Jan 2009): 29–56.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021853700026967Brian Raftopoulos Nationalism and labour in Salisbury 1953–1965, Journal of Southern African Studies 21, no.11 (Mar 1995): 79–93.https://doi.org/10.1080/03057079508708434Beverly Grier Invisible hands: the political economy of child labour in colonial Zimbabwe, 1890–1930, Journal of Southern African Studies 20, no.11 (Mar 2018): 27–52.https://doi.org/10.1080/03057079408708385Alois S. Mlambo Colonial Economy and Society to 1953, (): 52–118.https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139128919.004

The readers of a periodical as distinguished as the Historical Journal had a right to expect that Patricia Hilden's recent review-article on women's history' would provide a well-informed and scholarly commentary on the difficult problems posed by this rapidly growing subject. Yet her 'brief scan of the recent history of women's history' (p. 5II) has disgraced the journal by signally failing to carry out the reviewer's first duty that of informing the reader about the overall aims and arguments of the books under discussion.2 Still more serious, her article propagates several misleading views, and even encourages unscholarly practice. We aim here to discuss only three aspects of this feminist trahison des clercs: Hilden's distorted historiographical perspective, her misleading assessment of the relationship between feminism and historical scholarship, and her confused treatment of anti-feminist ideas in past and present. In clearing away this confusion, however, our overriding purpose is the more positive one of clarifying the terms on which feminists and historians can fruitfully co-operate, and this will therefore be our concluding theme. First, the question of historiography. Reforming movements often manufacture an inspirational but inaccurate history which urges them on to further effort; Hilden goes further than this and manufactures an inaccurate historiography as well. She claims that 'no sooner was the movement for women's liberation reborn in the I 96os than feminist scholars began the exercise of historical retrieval' (p. 50I). She compounds this exaggeration of recent feminist historiographical achievement by her title, 'Women's history: the second wave'. This sees current writing on women's history as the second wave of a tide which began flowing only in the I96os (though we suddenly find on p. 5I0 that there were, in fact, important historians of women before then). In reality, the pre-feminist writing on women's history is extensive; Natalie Davis rightly reminds us, in the first sentence of her valuable historiographical survey, that ' the genre of women's history is no newcomer on the scene'. Davis directs attention I Historical journal, xxv, 2 (I982), 501-12. 2 There is no need here to expound the argument and scope of our books, but for those who seek fair-minded reviews of Harrison's Separate spheres: the opposition to women's suffrage in Britain (London, 1978), these can be found in, among others, Spare Rib, Jan. I979, p. 37; American Historical Review, Oct. 1979, p. I057; Times Higher Education Supplement, 6 Oct. 1978, p. 20; Times Literary Supplement, i Dec. 1978, p. 1401; English Historical Review, Oct. 1979, p. 944; Canadian Journal of History, XIV (1979), 499-500. For reviews of McMillan's Housewife or harlot: the place of women in French society, i87o-I940 (Brighton, i 98I), see American Historical Review, July I982, p. 794; Choice, Dec. I98I; Association for the study of modern and contemporary France newsletter, Feb. I982, pp. I0-I i; European Studies Review, Oct. 1982, pp. 491-3.

Previous articleNext article No AccessThe "Akan" ProblemD. Kiyaga-MulindwaD. Kiyaga-Mulindwa Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Current Anthropology Volume 21, Number 4Aug., 1980 Sponsored by the Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/202499 Views: 40Total views on this site Citations: 8Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1980 The Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological ResearchPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Derek J. Watson Akyekyema Bour and Apreku Rock Shelters: Lithics, Pottery and Society at the Forest’s Edge During the Second Millennium cal. ad, Kwahu Plateau, Ghana, African Archaeological Review 35, no.11 (Mar 2018): 21–55.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10437-018-9288-0Daniel Béland, Rosina Foli, Michael Kpessa-Whyte Social policy as nation-building: identity formation, policy feedback, and social citizenship in Ghana, Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue canadienne des études africaines 52, no.11 (Feb 2018): 19–36.https://doi.org/10.1080/00083968.2018.1425147Derek J. Watson , Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa 52, no.44 ( 2017): 437.https://doi.org/10.1080/0067270X.2017.1393925Nicolette D. Manglos-Weber Innovations in Trust: Patrimonial and Bureaucratic Authority in the Asante Empire of West Africa, (Apr 2015): 217–240.https://doi.org/10.1108/S0198-871920150000028009Kevin S Fridy Where Are Ghana's Swing Voters? A Look at the Voters Responsible for Alternating Power in One of Africa's Most Successful Democracies, Africa Review 4, no.22 (Dec 2012): 107–121.https://doi.org/10.1080/09744053.2012.782953GÉRARD L. CHOUIN, CHRISTOPHER R. DECORSE PRELUDE TO THE ATLANTIC TRADE: NEW PERSPECTIVES ON SOUTHERN GHANA'S PRE-ATLANTIC HISTORY (800–1500), The Journal of African History 51, no.22 (Nov 2010): 123–145.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021853710000241Kevin S. Fridy, Victor Brobbey Win the match and vote for me: the politicisation of Ghana's Accra Hearts of Oak and Kumasi Asante Kotoko football clubs, The Journal of Modern African Studies 47, no.11 (Feb 2009): 19–39.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022278X08003649D. Kiyaga-Mulindwa Social and Demographic Changes in the Birim Valley, southern Ghana, c . 1450– c . 1800, The Journal of African History 23, no.11 (Jan 2009): 63–82.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021853700020247

In recent literature there has appeared a revived interest in the international transfer mechanism by which the occurrence of foreign borrowings becomes a loan in real goods. papers dealing with this somewhat old fashioned topic, both theoretical1 and a lesser extent empirical,2 have presented very strong cases which suggest that the classical interpretation would benefit considerably by the addition of a number of modern theoretical notions and by a general shift in emphasis. intention of this essay is definitely not add the swollen bibliography on the theory of transfer. On the contrary, my purpose is simply attempt a crude evaluation of both classical and modern theory of transfer when applied one episode of economic history. Perhaps the most famous empirical test of the Hume specie-flow mechanism, as an explanation for the real transfer, was performed by Jacob Viner.3 Viner's laboratory of study was a period in Canadian development from 1900-13. Hume specie-flow mechanism, and the role that it plays in the classical transfer, is standard equipment taught undergraduates in their first encounter with international trade theory. Briefly, and at the risk of trying the reader's patience, it is as follows: under a gold s andard system, and with the occurrence of a significant inflow of capital, an inflow of gold is precipitated by the exchange rate moving the gold import point. Assuming that the money supply is responsive that inflow, prices should rise in the receiving country and fall in the lending countries. result of the relative price movements is, of course, stimulate imports and depress exports in the borrowing country thus creating a tendency towards a deficit in the trade balance and current account. In this way, and ignoring accommodating short term capital flows, the real transfer process in goods begins. Viner's study of Canadian experience exhibited evidence which confirmed the Hume specie-flow mechanism. Since that study was made, there have been a number of suggestions of alternative theories which could have fit the evidence equally well. However, it wasn't until recently that Meier explicitly examined new data applicable this period in Canadian development and attempted to supplement Professor Viner's study by recognizing the relevance of income analysis and the historical context of economic development.4 Meier's sugges* I am indebted Moses Abramovitz, David C. Cole and Millard F. Long for their useful comments. They are not responsible, of course, for any errors remaining. 1See for instance Harry G. Johnson, The Transfer Problem and Exchange Stability, Journal of Political Economy, June 1956, pp. 21225; Paul A. Samuelson, The Transfer Problem and Transportation Costs, Journal, June 1952, pp. 278-304 and Samuelson's subsequent article in the same journal, June 1954, pp. 264-89. 2G. M. Meier, Economic Development and the Transfer Mechanism, Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, February 1953, pp. 1-19. James C. Ingram, Growth in Capacity and Canada's Balance of Payments, American Review, March 1957, pp. 93-104. 'Jacob Viner, Canada's Balance of Indebtedness, 1900-13 (Cambridge, Mass., 1924). For a more modern inductive study of the classical model of the transfer mechanism see George Macesich, Sources of Monetary Disturbances in the United States, 1834-1845, Journal of History, September 1960, pp. 40734. 'Meier, Economic Development and the Transfer Mechanism, op. cit., p. 1, italics mine. present author reached a similar conclusion in International Trade and United States Eco-

For much of the nineteenth century and certainly at least until 1904 the most formidable challenge to Britain's maritime-based global hegemony, somewhat ironically, emanated from Russia, Europe's f...

Homesteading and Property Rights; Or, "How the West Was Really Won"

The 2007 presidential elections in Sierra Leone passed largely unnoticed by the British media. What reports there were in the months before the polls spoke of angry and disillusioned people and the...

The object of the investigation here reported was twofold. In the first place, the writer was interested in obtaining information with regard to the social standing of the teaching profession. He was especially desirous of getting from high-school students some estimate of the status of this calling. In recent years much has been said and written regarding the altered condition of the teacher and the lowered prestige of those to whom society delegates the educational function. Many have assumed that the point has been reached in the degradation of the profession where one is justified in feeling some embarrassment if found within its ranks. In the second place, the writer wished to direct attention toward an important problem in vocational guidance which is seldom squarely faced. In all that has been written on occupations there is a tendency to disregard the fundamental question of social status. Detailed information has been gathered with respect to the financial remuneration, security, and hazards of occupations, but the question of social rating is ordinarily dismissed with the statement that a particular calling is highly respectable. These careful studies of the objective aspects of occupations are highly commendable, but the less tangible characteristics of vocational life should not be disregarded. It is even debatable that these characteristics are in peculiar need of examination. In order to throw some light on this question of status, fortyfive occupations were selected for study. These occupations were chosen more or less at random from the entire vocational range and were submitted to various groups of persons to be ranked according to their social standing. The list of occupations selected and the instructions for ranking them are as follows:

Previous articleNext article No AccessA Northern Urban Community's Attitudes toward Racial Imbalances in Schools and ClassroomsLeonard A. Marascuilo, and Kathleen PenfieldLeonard A. Marascuilo Search for more articles by this author , and Kathleen Penfield Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Volume 74, Number 4Winter, 1966 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/442784 Views: 2Total views on this site Citations: 4Citations are reported from Crossref Journal History This article was published in The School Review (1893-1979), which is continued by the American Journal of Education (1979-present). Copyright 1966 University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Jack Schneider Escape From Los Angeles, Journal of Urban History 34, no.66 (May 2008): 995–1012.https://doi.org/10.1177/0096144208317600Shankar A. Yelaja Gray Power: Agenda For Future Research, Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 8, no.22 (Nov 2010): 118–127.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0714980800010837Lynn W. Phillips, Brian Sternthal Age Differences in Information Processing: A Perspective on the Aged Consumer, Journal of Marketing Research 14, no.44 (Dec 2018): 444–457.https://doi.org/10.1177/002224377701400402Leonard A. Marascuilo The Critics of School Integration, Urban Education 4, no.11 (Aug 2016): 78–91.https://doi.org/10.1177/004208596900400107

The idea of inducing convulsions with electric current for therapeutic purposes in man instead of using convulsing drugs was the logical, I might say unavoidable, result of the study of changes in nervous structures following experimental epileptiform convulsions in animals. The idea of curing diseases with electric discharge upon the head is not original with me; it arose in ancient times. Dr. Debenedetti, keen scholar of the history of medicine, wrote to me some time ago that I must not take it ill of him, but I could not claim having invented electroshock therapy, because a distinguished colleague who specialized in therapeutics had already used electric discharges upon the head. Scribonio Largo wrote a treatise on therapeutics entitled “Compositionis medicamentorum” (43-48 A.D.) in which he tells of the treatment of headache by the use of a live torpedo-fish applied to the sufferer’s head. The voltage of the discharge of the torpedo-fish is 25 to 30 volts according to zoologists, so these applications probably did not produce the convulsions that are considered to be the essential element of ECT. Nevertheless, the principle was asserted. Further research has shown that the peculiar properties of this fish had already been written about more than 300 years earlier by Aristotle (384-323 B.C.), but he did not point out any therapeutic application. Pliny the Elder (23-79 A.D.), probably after Largo, spoke of the advantageous effect not only on the head, but also says “it eases labor whenever it is brought where a woman is lying-in” (Book 32X).

Traditionally, the history of English maritime adventures has focused on the great sea captains and swashbucklers. However, over the past few decades, social historians have begun to examine the less well-known seafarers who were on the dangerous voyages of commerce, exploration, privateering and piracy, as well as naval campaigns. This book brings together some of their findings. There is no comparable work that provides such an overview of our knowledge of English seamen during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries and the tumultuous world in which they lived. Subjects covered include trade, piracy, wives, widows and the wider maritime community, health and medicine at sea, religion and shipboard culture, how Tudor and Stuart ships were manned and provisioned, and what has been learned from the important wreck the Mary Rose. CHERYL A. FURY is an associate professor of history at the University of New Brunswick, and on the editorial board of Northern Mariner (the Canadian journal of maritime history). Contributors: J.D. ALSOP, JOHN APPLEBY, CHERYL A. FURY, GEOFFREY HUDSON, DAVID LOADES, VINCENT PATARINO JR, ANN STIRLAND.

The adaptive strategy of the slider turtle, Pseudemys scripta, in terms of age and size at sexual maturity is discussed. Populations from a natural aquatic habitat and from a cooling reservoir on the US DOE Savannah River Plant are compared. (HCR)

Sex Change and Population Fluctuations in Pandalid Shrimp

Common Patterns in Home Range-Body Size Relationships of Birds and Mammals

Previous articleNext article FreeEnvironment of the Tertiary Faunas of the Pacific Coast of the United StatesRalph ArnoldRalph Arnold Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Journal of Geology Volume 17, Number 6Sep. - Oct., 1909 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/621654 Views: 45Total views on this site Citations: 4Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1909 The University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Robert J. Stanton, John M. Alderson Factors in palaeoclimate analysis based on the marine biota of the Conejo Volcanics (Miocene), Santa Monica Mountains, California, Journal of Natural History 53, no.25-2625-26 (Aug 2018): 1585–1606.https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2018.1498550Elizabeth A. Nesbitt, Ruth A. Martin, Kathleen A. Campbell New records of Oligocene diffuse hydrocarbon seeps, northern Cascadia margin, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 390 (Nov 2013): 116–129.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2013.05.001Fred Cook, Donald R. Prothero, Elizabeth Draus, Thomas C. Cockburn, Elizabeth A. Nesbitt Paleomagnetism and counterclockwise tectonic rotation of the Upper Oligocene Sooke Formation, southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 45, no.44 (Apr 2008): 499–507.https://doi.org/10.1139/E08-012W. Liu, M. Ghil, D. Neelin, C. A. Hall A simple coastal ocean model for the Central California Basin during Late Miocene, Paleoceanography 8, no.66 (May 2010): 799–810.https://doi.org/10.1029/93PA02336