Abstract
Similarities between alkali gases in optical lattices with non-integer occupation of the lattice sites and quantum crystals are explored. The analogy with the vacancy liquid (VL) provides an alternative explanation to the Mott transition for the recent experiment on the phase transition in the lattice. The VL can undergo BEC with T_{c} within experimental reach. Direct and vacancy-assisted mechanisms of the band motion for hyperfine impurities are discussed. Large concentration of vacancies can result in the spatial decomposition of the system into pure hyperfine components. Below the vacancy condensation the impurity component resembles 3He in 3He-HeII mixtures.
Highlights
A large concentration of vacancies can result in the spatial decomposition of the system into pure hyperfine components
The study of alkali-metal gases in traps has become the focal point in atomic, low temperature, and condensed matter physics
The standard Hubbard model for electrons predicts5͔ that the alkali-metal atoms in an optical lattice should exhibit an analog of the Mott metal-insulator transition at U/t Ϸ5.8z
Summary
Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/phys_facpubs. Alkali-Metal gases in Optical Lattices: Possible New Type of Quantum Crystals.
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