Abstract
We analyzed survey data collected from 1,582 African-American and White young adults to determine 1) whether the relationship between educational attainment and alcohol misuse would vary by race, and 2) what social and psychological factors might explain the differential effects of educational attainment on alcohol misuse. Low educational attainment was positively associated with alcohol misuse among African-American young adults, while high educational attainment was positively associated with alcohol misuse among Whites. Selected social and psychological factors (e.g., unemployment, emotional distress) did not explain the differential effect of low educational attainment of alcohol misuse, but college status and attitudes favorable toward alcohol use accounted for racial differences in the effect of high educational attainment on alcohol misuse. This study may help to explain why disproportionately higher rates of alcohol-related health and social problems have been observed in the African-American adult population, but additional research is needed to better understand the long-term and differential effects of educational attainment on alcohol misuse.Analizamos datos recopilados mediante una encuesta a 1,528 adoles-centes afro-americanos y blancos para establecer (1) si la relatión entre el nivel de educatión y el abuso de alcohol varía de acuerdo a raza, y (2) qué factores sociales y psicológicos explican los efectos diferenciales que tiene el nivel de educación en el abuso de alcohol. Se encontró que bajo nivel de educatión estuvo positivamente asociado con el abuso de alcohol entre adolescentes afro-americanos, mientras que alto nivel de educación estuvo positivamente asociado con el abuso de alcohol entre blancos. Además, los factores sociales y psicológicos (p.ej. desempleo, angustia) seleccionados no explican el efecto diferencial que demuestra el nivel de educación en el abuso de alcohol. Sin embargo, el hecho de ser estudiante universitario, tanto como las actitudes a favor del uso de alcohol, si corresponden a las diferencias raciales presentes en el efecto que tiene el alto nivel educacional en el abuso de alcohol. Puede que este estudio explique porqué se han observado tasas altas en desproporción de problemas relacionados con el uso de alcohol en la población adulta afro-americana. No obstante, se necesita más investigatión a fin de mejor entender ambos efectos, diferenciales y a largo plazo, que manifesta el nivel educacional en el abuso de alcohol.
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