Abstract
The first recognized and the most devastating effect of alcohol was the consequence of maternal ingestion of alcohol during pregnancy. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) is a distinct condition associated with maternal alcoholism which causes serious birth defects in children due to disruption of normal embryonic development. Other problems that can occur are weak muscles around the mouth that make it difficult to consume food; unusual taste preferences for salty or spicy food at an inappropriate age; gross caries at a young age; prolonged and excessive drooling; weak buccinators muscles that prevent the proper placement of food for chewing. These are a few amongst the many problems which children diagnosed with FAS have to face thus increasing their predilection for caries and require special oral health care. Also, there are other direct and indirect effects of alcohol consumption on dental structures of which a few to be mentioned are dental erosion, attrition sometimes along with behavioral problems.
Highlights
Alcohol is a known human teratogen that produces physical, mental, behavioral and cognitive abnormalities
Children exposed to alcohol in-utero manifest growth deficiency, central nervous system manifestations and congenital malformations, the most prominent being craniofacial malformations [1]
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) is a distinct condition associated with maternal alcoholism which causes serious birth defects in children due to disruption of normal embryonic development [7]
Summary
Alcohol is a known human teratogen that produces physical, mental, behavioral and cognitive abnormalities. Children exposed to alcohol in-utero manifest growth deficiency, central nervous system manifestations and congenital malformations, the most prominent being craniofacial malformations [1]. These have been extensively discussed and reviewed in literature [2,3,4,5,6] but the direct effect on dental structures especially in adults has not been sufficiently described or studied. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) is a distinct condition associated with maternal alcoholism which causes serious birth defects in children due to disruption of normal embryonic development [7]. The direct effect of alcohol in adults has lead to dental caries; tooth loss, Periodontium and tooth wear i.e. attrition and erosion
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