AI, Taiwan Studies, and the Challenge of the Information Crisis

Managing financial sector under a liberalized system is always difficult; it faces a risk of financial crisis. Financial managers in most emerging markets, be it in the corporate, banking or public sector, have experienced such a challenge, and those in East Asia have learned the hard lesson during the 1997–98 financial crisis. Although efforts have been made to restructure the domestic financial sector by imposing a better risk analysis, in a world of free capital flows there is no guarantee that the system can be totally impervious to a crisis. This implies that financial managers will continue to face a major challenge in terms of how to manage and prevent a financial catastrophe. They have given a particular attention to a possible cooperation with one another. In the case of East Asia, this will lead to the formation of a Regional Financial Arrangement (RFA). This study analyzes this process by focusing on the search for a particular form of RFA that would enable financial managers to better deal with the challenge of a crisis and prevent it whenever possible. Given the fact that the issue and the process of forming a regional cooperation/arrangement involves not only economic considerations but also political factors and other intangibles, a specific model known as the Analytic Network Process (ANP) is employed. It is revealed that financial managers and policy makers alike should not only consider the benefits and costs of each alternative form of RFA, but also the possible risks and opportunities that may arise. The extent to which financial managers will be able to cope with the challenge of a financial crisis depends on all these factors.

The article is devoted to the study of the legal problem of redistributing teaching workload in higher education institutions during the academic year. The author emphasizes that teaching workload is one of the key conditions of employment for academic staff, as it directly affects not only the organization of the educational process but also the quality of training for future specialists. In the current context of higher education transformation, staff shortages, and crisis challenges, particularly those associated with the state of martial law, the issue of workload redistribution has become increasingly relevant. The study highlights that the absence of a clearly defined procedure for redistributing workload in regulatory acts creates a number of risks. Among them are legal uncertainty, the potential for admin- istrative abuse, violations of labor rights guarantees for academic staff, as well as socio-psychological consequences such as overload and professional burnout. The article examines the organizational, legal, and social aspects of this issue, which collectively demonstrate its multidimensional character. Particular attention is paid to judicial practice, which shows the absence of a unified approach to re- solving disputes related to changes in workload. It is revealed that courts often attempt to balance the in- terests of universities, which require flexible management of the educational process, with the rights of employees, who must be protected from unreasonable administrative decisions. At the same time, trade unions, despite having legal instruments of influence, only partially realize their potential in this area. The author concludes that solving this problem is possible only through a comprehensive approach: combining labor guarantees with the real needs of university autonomy, specifying procedures in local regulatory acts, and expanding the role of collective agreements. Emphasis is placed on the necessity of amending the system of legal regulation in order to ensure transparency, fairness, and a balance of interests among all participants in the educational process. The practical significance of the article lies in the development of proposals that can be used both to improve legislative norms and to draft internal university regulations that directly govern the procedure of workload redistribution. The implementation of such approaches will contribute to enhancing legal certainty, strengthening the social protection of academic staff, and increasing the efficiency of organiz- ing the educational process in conditions of constant change and crisis challenges.

Introduction. In the context of digitalization, socio-economic instability, and crisis challenges, including martial law, staffing of organizations acquires strategic importance for ensuring their resilience, adaptability, and competitiveness. This determines the need to уточнення and systematization of methodological approaches to measuring and analyzing the qualification potential of personnel. Methods. The methodological framework of the study is based on systemic, process-based, and competency-based approaches. General scientific and special research methods were applied, including analysis and synthesis, generalization, comparison, structural-functional analysis, and logical modeling, which made it possible to consider staffing as a multilevel open system integrated with the external environment. Results. The main methodological approaches to measuring personnel qualification potential are summarized and systematized, including formal-qualification, competency-based, integral, dynamic, performance-based, and comprehensive approaches, with identification of their advantages and methodological limitations. The feasibility of applying a process-based approach to the analysis of staffing effectiveness is substantiated, allowing human resource management decisions to be interpreted as a sequential chain of interrelated stages with feedback mechanisms. The role of modern HR analytics tools, scenario modeling, and workforce resilience assessment in supporting evidence-based managerial decisions under crisis conditions is identified. Discussion. It is demonstrated that combining classical analytical methods with digital and integral tools forms a methodological basis for comprehensive assessment of personnel qualification potential and for improving the effectiveness of staffing systems in the medium- and long-term perspective, particularly in the context of post-crisis and post-war recovery. Prospects for further research lie in the development of applied methods for the integrated assessment of human resource potential, taking into account industry, organizational and regional characteristics, as well as in deepening empirical research into the use of digital HR-tools in the practice of Ukrainian organizations. Keywords: staffing, qualified personnel, qualification potential, methodological approaches, human resource management, HR analytics, digitalization, crisis challenges.

Recent research has suggested factors that influence vaccine acceptance during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, research trends show that there is a real dearth of research on preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) among chronic disease (ChD) patients at high risk of severe COVID-19 [1]. They argue that health authorities should prioritize high efficacy and long-term protection in vaccine procurement, ensuring that neither is compromised. In Indonesia, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic health crisis has had significant implications for domestic conditions that not only affect the quality of health and community welfare, but also affect the economy, governance, health service systems, and public behavior-perception [2, 3]. This paper is a response to the evaluation of regulations and cooperation between central and local governments in facing the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic health crisis in Indonesia. Based on the WHO and the Indonesian Ministry of Health report, the Government of Indonesia has made various responses [4, 5], including: (a) The Indonesian government has prioritized patients with comorbidities as a group prioritized for vaccination, especially in the initial wave of vaccination. But in its implementation, there are still administrative obstacles, such as the lack of data on chronic disease patients systematically registered at primary health care facilities; (b) Socialization to ChD patients regarding the urgency of vaccination is also still less mature; (c) In addition, proper policy review in health infrastructure development and poor governance such as health funding mechanisms and various overlapping roles between local and national authorities are challenges that need to be reviewed in realizing quality health for community resilience in Indonesia [6, 7]. However, it should be noted that realizing the quality of health for community resilience against the threat of the Covid-19 pandemic health crisis, it is not enough to pay attention to policy initiatives, service governance, cross-sectoral cooperation, adequate funding and health infrastructure, or the provision of other health support facilities that have been widely done [3, 6, 7]. It is necessary to pay attention to various dimensions of social, economic-community, psychological aspect (mental health), institutional, and infrastructure resilience to ensure appropriate policy initiatives, sufficient funding, inclusive and needed health services to harmonious cooperation between each stakeholder [7] which can be done through attention to individuals in understanding health problems and appropriate handling. On the other hand, institutions/organizations need to provide governance schemes to sufficient funding in providing effective and beneficial health services for the community. In addition, the legal dimension needs to have the right policies and can fill the legal gap during the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia [6, 7]. Lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia in improving the quality of health for community resilience in facing the challenges of the Covid-19 Pandemic health emergency: (a) building a governance resilience scheme in public health services; (b) the need for appropriate policy support and harmonious cooperation and collaboration between stakeholders; (c) the importance of public education campaigns aimed at uncovering mitigations about the disease and creating a supportive environment for health workers; and (d) the availability of adequate health facilities; to (e) encourage innovative and participatory handling models in improving the quality of health for community resilience. In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia has revealed the linkages between health, socio-economics, governance, and public policy. Lessons learned from the challenges of the Covid-19 pandemic health crisis in Indonesia underscore the urgency of resilience governance and policy discretion in strategies to improve the quality of health for community resilience as important steps in dealing with future health emergencies. Abdillah Abdillah: conceptualization, investigation, funding acquisition, writing – original draft, methodology, validation, visualization, writing–review and editing, software, formal analysis, project administration, data curation, resources, supervision. Siti Sofiaturrohmah: writing – original draft, conceptualization, validation, writing–review and editing. Prakoso Bhairawa Putera: formal analysis, supervision, resources, data curation, validation. Danilo V. Rogayan: conceptualization, validation, supervision. This article was compiled using QuillBot to assist with the drafting, editing, and formatting processes while maintaining academic standards. To ensure originality, accuracy, and integrity, the authors have thoroughly reviewed and edited all content. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. All authors have read and approved the final version of the article. (Corresponding author or article guarantor) had full access to all of the data in this study and takes complete responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. The data set used to support the findings of this study is available from the corresponding author upon request.

Sasi, an indigenous conservation practice in Indonesia, is a means to address the triple planetary crisis—climate change, biodiversity loss, and pollution. Sasi involves the temporary restriction of exploitation within specific geographic areas or for certain species, thereby allowing natural resources the necessary time and space to regenerate. Such approaches harmonizes the interests of human and non-human beings. This paper will argue that the current mainstream conservation framework is insufficient to effectively address the multifaceted challenges of the planetary crisis. To substantiate this argument, we apply four foundational ecological principles—ecological integrity, limits, primacy and justice—as a lens through which to assess whether indigenous practices like Sasi provide viable solutions. This analysis is informed by three complementary methodologies: first, a comparative examination of the concept of law in the Anthropocene; second, field research conducted in two regions of Maluku, Haruku and Aru Island, where Sasi is actively practiced; and third, expert discussions to contextualize indigenous conservation from an academic perspective. Our findings suggest that Sasi aligns closely with the four ecological principles. Sasi plays an important role in maintaining ecological integrity and limits by limiting resource exploitation in certain areas, allowing for natural regeneration of marine and terrestrial ecosystems. The temporary prohibition of use in Sasi shows the commitment of indigenous peoples to place the preservation of nature as a primacy, beyond current needs, in order to ensure a healthy and sustainable environment for future generations. Ecological justice is manifested in Sasi’s equitable distribution of resources, ensuring that both current and future generations benefit from sustainable practices. Ultimately, this paper will look at local, national, and international legal instruments that provide space for the integration of understandings of ecological integrity, limits, primacy and justice as found in Sasi, and identify best practices in existing legal instruments. The aim is to strengthen and adopt indigenous conservation practices like Sasi to be considered integral to addressing the pressing challenges of the planetary crisis.

The article examines the challenges associated with the humanitarian crisis against the backdrop of a full-scale war in Ukraine. Emphasis is placed on researching the impact of these challenges on internally displaced persons and other vulnerable groups. The purpose of the study is to analyze the issues of the humanitarian crisis in Ukraine and its impact on internally displaced persons and other vulnerable groups. Accordingly, the following tasks are defined: to reveal the main characteristics of the humanitarian crisis in Ukraine; to analyze the challenges related to the impact of the humanitarian crisis on IDPs and other vulnerable groups; to provide recommendations on further solutions to these challenges based on existing practices. The concept of a humanitarian crisis, its signs, and specific signs in the Ukrainian context are analyzed. Statistical data related to the impact of the humanitarian crisis on vulnerable groups are presented and compared. Issues with limited access to help vulnerable groups are analyzed in detail. The specific challenges of the humanitarian crisis for women and children, as well as people with disabilities, are given. The main challenges include loss of access to public services, provision of decent living conditions, employment, and access to education. The impact of the humanitarian crisis in Ukraine on the aggravation of crises in other countries and the challenges associated with these processes are studied. The most popular practices for overcoming the humanitarian crisis are considered. The conclusions confirm that the existing practices used by international organizations to overcome the humanitarian crisis are characterized by insufficient efficiency.

This concluding chapter sums up the conclusions arising out of the preceding chapters, which suggest strongly that only a truly global strategy for labor is capable of confronting the challenges of globalization and crisis. This book has attempted to document and analyze the process as it has occurred among formal and informal workers in India and elsewhere in the world, in the hope that the labor movement can learn both from its successes and failures, in order to build a stronger movement based on global solidarity, which can meet the challenges of globalization and economic crisis. In this light, the creation of an egalitarian, democratic labor movement that respects diversity goes hand in hand with the search for common goals and strategies that synthesize the interests of workers from diverse backgrounds and different countries.

Since 2015 migration crisis is one of the most important topic on European Union Agenda. Migration is no longer a common phenomenon, like it use to be, since refugees from Syria were assaulting Mediterranean border and they were coming with different cultural patterns, a lot of sadness, a lot of hope, too, and a lot of insecurity in the same time. It is so convenient to discuss about migration challenges, but it is very difficult to sustain what issue is more important than another. We argue here that two main topics are very important to our debate: one which can be consider as idealistic, represented by the aim of respecting the human fundamental rights and the other one which can be consider as being pragmatic, included in the different perspective of the state regulations. What are the main challenges of the migration crisis? We may treat it in a good - bad dichotomous discourse? We may analyse it as a common phenomenon with specific figures to refugee situation? We may integrate migration in the discourse of populist parties? considering that in the last decade far right political parties have re-entered in the political arena with an increasing support among population. In order to have a better understanding of this actuals challenges of migration crisis, we think that it’s important to give some answers to each of this questions.
 Keywords: migration crisis, European Union, challenges

During the 1990s, Thailand experienced an economic boom but the country was also confronted with a triple challenge of globalisation, liberalisation and crisis that accentuated the need for local firms to upgrade their technological competencies. This analysis shows how the Thai state coped with this challenge in the area of industrial technology development. The article demonstrates that a range of policy initiatives — aiming at providing stronger institutional support for private sector technology development — were taken. However, when we compare Thailand with countries such as Singapore and Malaysia, it becomes clear that the Thai state gave a protracted response to the new challenges. More importantly, most initiatives at the level of policy formulation were not effectively implemented and had little actual impact on industrial technology practices. Even the urgency stemming from financial crisis did not break a strong legacy of constantly shifting policy direction, indecisiveness, fragmented state and weak institutionalised public-private sector links.

Background:The approach of considering the psychosocial consequences of infertility has become significant. Psychosocial outcomes of infertility are defined and shaped in the context of the particular social and cultural conditions. Childbearing, and raising a child are considered to be the core of “identity” in many collectivist cultures, and the status provided to individuals with children is accompanied with social acceptance and approval. In such societies, infertile people see their social identity seriously damaged. The purpose of this study was to comprehend the challenge of identity crisis of infertile people in Iran for helping to formulate support programs for policy makers.Methods:This qualitative study was conducted in 2016–2018, through semi-structured interviews conducted with 40 infertile clients of Avicenna Fertility Center. Data were analyzed by Strauss and Corbin coding paradigm.Results:The core of the phenomenon of psychosocial consequences of infertility was failure in identity building, which included the main categories of prevention from continuity and prevention of forming normative identity.Conclusion:Challenge of identity crisis based on the experience of infertile people and the social construction of infertility in their minds affects not only internal, external, personal and structural factors, but it is also a kind of identity search in individuals. Regarding this fact, providing appropriate social services and training the skills needed to rebuild identity of infertile people and their social health will be very effective.

This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the development of Malaysia’s education policies over the years. In addition, this study seeks to further draw attention to the recent implications of COVID-19 on Malaysia’s education sector. The education policies developed in the past decades have highlighted that Malaysia Government had continuously shown tremendous support and has put high emphasis on the education sector. However, the pandemic crisis has disrupted learning and posed new challenges to the education system and the policies developed in the past. Therefore, this paper will employ a narrative review to draw lessons based on the observations retrieved from existing literature and various secondary sources such as policy briefs, media, commentaries, and documentaries of related evidence on the challenges of the pandemic crisis to the education system and its policy. In addition, the review will also shed light on the policies' recommendations in adapting to the new normal and establishing this as a new research direction for future studies.

This article explores the career pathways and work practices of Albanian labour migrants in Italy during the economic crisis. It shows how long-term migrants utilise resources accumulated from the early experiences of their (often) informal migratory pathway to address the crisis-induced structural and economic challenges. The questions we ask are: What career pathways have Albanian migrants followed while navigating the Italian labour market? What practices have they employed to respond to the challenges of the economic crisis? Through a biographical approach, we find that rather than victimising their own position, migrants have deployed different resources accumulated from the early stages of their migratory pathways, which they have combined to produce various practices of resilience, reworking and resistance against these new crisis-related challenges. Among them, return to informality and moral contract arrangements have become common practice. We argue that even though they considered informal contractual arrangements and other practices of resilience as provisional, the impact of these crisis-induced experiences is noticeable in the aftermath of the crisis as partially informal and, therefore, precarious arrangements have become established terms of employment for migrant workers. Our findings show that even permanent or naturalised migrants remain precarious and are not immune to the crisis-induced labour market restructuring.

The study introduces and evaluates a unique inter-faculty service learning course as a pedagogical model that enhances students’ learning and knowledge of health problems and associated engineering intervention design for populations affected by protracted crises. Background: With an increase in humanitarian protracted crises around the world, due to conflict and natural disasters, we are in dire need to reinvent how we educate, train, and conduct research in these environments. Engineering and Health Sciences disciplines, individually and collectively, have been working to fill the gaps and address pressing public health issues. However, courses merging those disciplines and focusing on emerging humanitarian challenges have been limited. To meet this need, and to expose the complexity of refugee health and well-being, the Humanitarian Engineering course “Design of Engineering Solutions for Health Challenges in Crisis” was launched in July 2017. Intended outcomes: The contribution is a set of elements that can serve as a foundation for developing an inter-faculty service learning course model through which students acquire skills in design thinking, interdisciplinary approaches, and contextualized innovation. Application design: Through a literature review and iterative course development process, the different components of the course model were developed and assessed to ensure students accomplished learning outcomes and professional skills. Findings: The study recommends a set of five elements that could be used as a foundation for developing an inter-faculty service learning model. Those include: modular learning, intermittent session types, participatory active learning, intensive learning, and teamwork.

The Challenge of Crisis, Disaster, and War: Experience with UN and NGOs

Preparing nursing students for disaster, crisis, and conflict response: A scoping review of educational strategies and preparedness.