Abstract

EnglishThe banana sector in Ecuador is unique compared with other main exporting countries: many small andmedium producers operate alongside large national andmultinational companies. And while differences between these different production units are minimal in terms of productivity at the plot level, they become pronounced when it comes to packaging and transportation aspects of the production process where economies of scale are critical. Nonetheless, preserving small-scale operations, despite the trend towards a concentration of land holdings, permits agribusinesses to adjust their volumes in response to fluctuating demand. francaisLe secteur de la banane-fruit en Equateur presente l'originalite d'une structure productive tres differenciee, contrairement aux cas des principaux pays producteurs pour l'exportation. De nombreux petits et moyens producteurs cotoient en effet les plus grosses entreprises nationales ou multinationales. Les ecarts de productivite entre ces differents types d'unites productives sont pourtant peu marques en ce qui concerne la production au champ. Ils apparaissent en revanche determinants dans les processus de conditionnement, d'emballage et de transport jusqu'au port d'exportation, segments du processus productif ou apparaissent les economies d'echelle. Mais le maintien des petites structures de production, malgre une tendance a la concentration du foncier, permet aux entreprises agro-exportatrices de disposer d'un volume d'ajustement leur permettant de s'adapter au marche.

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