Against Joy

The teeth of rock-wallabies from a wild population of Petrogale assimilis at 'Black Rock' in north Queensland were radiographed in the field at intervals over two years in order to estimate their age. The gross morphology of the dentition conesponds with that of browsing macropodids. The pattern of tooth eruption conforms to the general macropodid model. Although P. assimilis reach sexual maturity at 18-24 months, full molar eruption apparently does not occur until individuals are at least seven years old. The plane of the occlusal surface is only slightly curved. Most of the cheek teeth are in occlusion at once. In all, 70% of wallabies examined at 'Black Rock' had a full complement of cheek teeth. P4 is well developed and rarely lost. These attributes collectively suggest that the small amount of mesial movement of the molars constitutes advanced mesial drift rather than true molar progression. Molar eruption is a reliable index of age until full eruption occurs. Molar movement is likely to be of only limited use in estimating the age of animals with a full complement of cheek teeth. The age structure of the colony at 'Black Rock' suggests a low rate of recruitment into the adult population of P. assirnilis for most of the 1980s.

Effect of various absorbing materials on the thermal performance of solar stills

SUMMARY The present paper provides a review of the former distribution and abundance of Cape fur seals, Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus, off the Eastern Cape coast of South Africa based on available historical records. It identifies the distribution of Eastern Cape seals before commercial sealing began; documents sealing activities off the Eastern Cape coast during the 19th and 20th centuries, and discusses current population trends in relation to past exploitation regimes. The importance of the Eastern Cape population is discussed in relation to the total population. Cape fur seals were valued primarily for their fine quality furs. Other products included oil from the blubber; leather from skins of old seals; and vitamin A from the liver. Exploitation by Europeans began near the Cape of Good Hope in 1610. By the end of the 19th century more than 20 colonies had been extirpated. On the Eastern Cape coast, Cape fur seals inhabited six islands in Algoa Bay (Stag, Seal, Black Rocks, St. Croix, Jahleel and Brenton) and two sites in Plettenberg Bay (Seal Point on the Robberg Peninsula and Beacon Island). Soon after British settlement of Algoa Bay in 1820, the St. Croix and Bird Islands were leased to individuals by the governor of the Cape Colony (Lord Charles Sommerset) at an annual rental, for fishing and sealing purposes. More than 18 000 seals were killed by commercial sealers in Algoa Bay between 1822 and 1825; > 2 935 between 1831 and 1850; c. 3 516 between 1851 and 1876; > 1 763 in 1907 and 1908; and > 500 between 1943 and 1949. Harvest figures for Plettenberg Bay are unknown. Available evidence suggests that seals had been extirpated from St. Croix, Jahleel and Brenton Islands in the late 1850s; Seal Point between 1857 and 1890; Stag Island in the mid/late 1800s; Seal Island in the early 1900s; and Beacon Island in the late 1800s/early 1900s. Black Rocks was the only colony on the Eastern Cape coast to survive commercial sealing operations. Access to Black Rocks is difficult and for that reason sealing activities were irregular. Sealing operations on Black Rocks were terminated in 1949. At present, Black Rocks supports c. 700 seals. In the last 12 years the population has decreased by 82%. By destroying seal herds through commercial harvesting, and confining the population to Black Rocks, the population is unable to build up its numbers sufficiently to stimulate colonisation on neighbouring islands. Limited space for breeding seals on Black Rocks, and the influence of storms (gale force winds and high swells) restricts the number of pups that can be reared successfully. It is unlikely that the Black Rocks population can increase quickly enough to flow onto Seal and Stag Island, without being depleted by storms. The effect of man on the Seal, Stag and Black Rocks population is therefore a permanent one. Approximately 23 000 Cape fur seals may have occupied the Bird Island group before European exploitation. The current population for the Eastern Cape coast is considerably less than its historical size.

The early Cambrian period is a critical time in Earth’s history, marked by the second oxygenation of the atmosphere (known as the Neoproterozoic Oxidation Event) and the rapid evolution of animals, as well as the worldwide large-scale deposits. Polymetallic Ni-Mo deposits have been previously reported in the black rocks at the base of the Cambrian strata on the Yangtze Block, South China, while their genesis is still controversial, and their global occurrences are uncertain. Therefore, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of trace elements and rare earth elements in the black rocks at the base of the Yurtus Formation in the Sugaitblak section (SGT) in Aksu, Tarim Block, and then make a comprehensive study by combining our and other data from the Tarim and Yangtze Block. The distribution patterns of the trace and rare earth element data from our study and another two sections in the Aksu area have shown that the black rocks in the Tarim were strongly enriched in V, Sr, Mo, Ba, and U, moderately enriched in Zn, Cu, Cr, and Pb, and slightly depleted in Ni, and Co during the early Cambrian. These enriched elements could mainly originate from the waning hydrothermal fluids, and then precipitate and preserve in sediments under anoxic environment. The comparison of trace elements in the black rocks between the Tarim and the Yangtze Block suggests that the types of enriched metal elements in these two regions were different, and metal concentrations in the Yangtze Block were much higher than those in the Tarim by 1–3 orders of magnitude. This result indicates that there are no polymetallic Ni-Mo enrichment layers in the black rocks in the Tarim during the early Cambrian, and the widespread polymetallic Ni-Mo enrichments in South China have been more likely influenced by the local hydrothermal activity. It could be further speculated that the early Cambrian period may have been an active period for seafloor hydrothermal activity, with locally different chemical components in hydrothermal fluids. Abundant metal nutrients brought by these hydrothermal activities may have been a potential factor for the rapid evolution of life during this period.

To visiting geologists Black Rock, New Mexico, is a basaltic escarpment and an ideal natural laboratory. To hospital workers, Black Rock is a picturesque place to earn a living. To the Zuni, the mesas, arroyos, and the rock itself are a stage on which the passion of their elders is relived. William A. Dodge explores how a shared sense of place evolves over time and through multiple cultures that claim the landscape. Through stories told over many generations, this landscape has given the Zuni an understanding of how they came to be in this world. More recently, paleogeographers have studied the rocks and landforms to better understand the world as it once was. Archaeologists have conducted research on ancestral Zuni sites in the vicinity of Black Rock to explore the cultural history of the region. In addition, the Anglo-American employees of the Bureau of Indian Affairs came to Black Rock to advance the federal Indian policy of assimilation and brought with them their own sense of place. Black Rock has been an educational complex, an agency town, and an Anglo community. Today it is a health care center, commercial zone, and multi-ethnic subdivision. By describing the dramatic changes that took place at Black Rock during the twentieth century, Dodge deftly weaves a story of how the cultural landscape of this community reflected changes in government policy and how the Zunis themselves, through the policy of Indian self-determination, eventually gave new meanings to this ancient landscape.

This paper presents the first quantitative study on the seasonal occurrence and body location of white shark (Carcharodon carcharias)-inflicted injuries on Cape fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus) at Black Rocks, in Algoa Bay. Between January 2010 and October 2011, 22 boat trips were made to Black Rocks to chum for white sharks. On 19 of the trips a series of overlapping photographs were taken of the northern side of Black Rocks and the percentage of seals, which exhibited fresh white shark bite wounds recorded. A total of 53 sharks and 28 fresh shark-inflicted injuries were recorded on seals over the course of the study period. The maximum number of sharks sighted per hour (1.2) was in July and the highest percentage of shark bitten seals in November (0.6%). There was no significant relationship between the monthly sighting rate of sharks and the percentage of shark bitten seals (P = 0.40). The percentage of shark-inflicted injuries observed on seals increased with seal size. Most injuries were observed in the forebody (37.5%) and lower body regions (37.5%). Very few injuries (6.3%) were observed in the head and neck region. The low number of bite-inflicted injuries observed suggests that white sharks attack seals infrequently at Black Rocks.

Paleo-sedimentary environment in relation to enrichment of organic matter of Early Cambrian black rocks of Niutitang Formation from Xiangxi area China

The relationship between severity of calcification and clinical outcomes after endovascular therapy (EVT) for femoropopliteal lesions is well known. We often encounter dense calcifications in our daily practice, which are darker than normal calcifications on angiography. Accordingly, we named it "black rock" (BR), and investigated its impact on clinical outcomes after EVT. We retrospectively analyzed 677 lesions in 495 patients who underwent EVT for de novo calcified femoropopliteal lesions at our hospital between April 2007 and June 2020. BR is defined as a calcification which is 1cm or more in length, occupies more than half of the vessel diameter, and appears darker than the body of the femur on angiography. Propensity score matching analysis was performed to compare clinical outcomes between lesions with BR [BR (+) group] and without BR [BR (-) group]. A total of 119 matched pairs of lesions were analyzed. Primary patency at 2years was significantly lower in the BR (+) group than in the BR (-) group (48% vs. 75%, p = .0007). Multivariate analysis revealed that the presence of BR [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.23, 95% confidence interval (CI); 1.48-3.38, p = .0001], lesion length (HR = 1.03, 95%CI; 1.00-1.06, p = .0244), and no scaffold use (HR = 1.58, 95%CI; 1.06-2.36, p = .0246) were predictors of restenosis. The presence of BR is independently associated with clinical outcomes after EVT for de novo calcified femoropopliteal lesions.

The small and isolated Cape fur seal Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus rookery at Black Rocks, Algoa Bay, South Africa, is an important component of the marine biota of the Addo Elephant National Park. Although little is known of the demographics of this rookery, it is believed to be declining in abundance. The pupping season for this population coincides with summer storms that often wash pups from Blacks Rocks. In the past, many that washed up on the mainland were rescued and returned to their colony. However, the necessity and value of this exercise has been questioned. The displacement of 200 pups from their rookery following a severe storm in December 2008 presented an opportunity to follow the early survival of rescued pups that were returned to Black Rocks. Tag resightings of those that were adequately tagged (n = 52) were obtained during five visits to Black Rocks over a period of 3½ months. The results indicated that about one-quarter of tagged pups survived. This is the first study to demonstrate substantial short-term survival of otariid pups following rehabilitation and return to the wild.

Our subject is the legacy of Dada implicit to the Burning Man phenomenon. Animate in the provocative output of fin-de-siècle French Symbolist writer and puppeteer Alfred Jarry, and filtered through the antics of the San Francisco Cacophony Society, Dada is foundational to the cultural aesthetic of Burning Man, by which we mean the event in Nevada’s Black Rock Desert playa (Black Rock City) and a global network of “burn” events. We address the significance of the Cacophony Society expedition that inaugurated the desert phase of Burning Man in 1990, “Zone Trip # 4: Bad Day at Black Rock.” Integral to the surreal tourism ventured by Cacophonists prior to the inception of Burning Man, and pivotal to its desert phase, the Zone Trip kindled “Burner” culture on the Black Rock playa and abroad. Exploring the Dadaist impulse affecting Black Rock City and woven into a worldwide network, informed by interpretative and applied methods, the article addresses art projects (including those designed and implemented by Vitos) at three regional events—Israel’s Midburn and Germany’s Burning Bär and Kiez Burn—visited in 2018 and 2019 as part of a multisited ethnography of the Burning Man movement. As these projects illustrate, the ghost of Jarry haunts, as the spirit of Dada animates, the transnational “burnscape.”

Hundred (100) day old straight run healthy chicks from three chicken breeds were randomly selected and kept for 40 weeks under standard managemental conditions in deep litter system. Black Rock and Vanaraja attained sexual maturity earlier than Red Cornish. The egg production potential of Black Rock and Vanaraja was higher than Red Cornish. No difference of fertility was seen among the three breeds but higher hatchability on total egg set basis and fertile egg set basis were seen in Black Rock and Vanaraja breeds in comparison to Red Cornish. Higher egg weight, albumin index and Haugh unit was seen in Red Cornish but no difference was seen between Vanaraja and Black Rock.

Journal Article A Right Honourable Gentleman: Abubakar from the Black Rock Get access A Right Honourable Gentleman: Abubakar from the Black Rock, by Trevor Clark. Edward Arnold, Sevenoaks, Kent, 1991. xxxx + 888 pp. £19.95 paperback and £34.95 hardback. ISBN 0 340 56275 7 and 0 340 56189 0. ALHAJI M. YAKUBU ALHAJI M. YAKUBU Department of History, University of JosNigeria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar African Affairs, Volume 91, Issue 365, October 1992, Pages 646–648, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a098577 Published: 01 October 1992

The distribution and population size of Hieracium stenolepiforme (Pugsley) P. D. Sell & C. West, Cheddar Hawkweed (Asteraceae) has been assessed. It is endemic to Cheddar Gorge and the adjacent Black Rock Nature Reserve, Somerset, England (vice-county 6, North Somerset). Historical records show that it has been recorded in Cheddar Gorge and at Black Rock but has declined. On 11 June 2000, 52 plants were counted in the main gorge and 5 plants at Black Rock; on 14 June 2016, 59 plants were recorded in Cheddar Gorge but none at Black Rock. Hieracium stenolepiforme is IUCN (2001) threat status ‘Critically Endangered’.

Aim: A study was undertaken to assess the effect of shell color on the fertility and hatchability in three different breeds of chicken viz, Black Rock, Gramapriya and Vanaraja maintained at Government Poultry Farm, Durg (Chhattisgarh). Materials and Methods: A total of 180 eggs from each breed (Black rock, Gramapriya and Vanaraja) were studied in each trial and total three trials were conducted. All the eggs were individually marked. Eggs were divided into Brown, Light Brown th th and Creamy White. Eggs were candled twice during incubation i.e. on 7 and 18 days. Fertility percent was calculated by number of fertile eggs divided by total numbers of eggs set for incubation multiplied by 100. Likewise hatchability was 2 calculated on TES (total egg set basis) and FES (fertile egg set basis) by the formulae Data were analyzed by ˜ – test Results: The findings shown that the overall average for shell color among the three breeds, brown shell color (46.98%) was found to be most frequent as compare to light brown (43.02%) and creamy white (10.00%) colors, respectively. The fertility percentage among three different classes of shell color of eggs irrespective of breeds or batches highest pooled mean was in brown shell color (90.80%) followed by light brown (85.22%) and creamy white (83.33%). Whereas, on total egg set (TES) basis the hatchability percentage irrespective of breeds or hatches were 73.72 for brown, 67.00 for light brown and 52.47 for creamy white shell colored eggs, respectively and the pooled hatchability on fertile egg set (FES) basis, percentage followed same trend as in the case of hatchability on TES and brown shelled eggs group had higher hatchability rate with 81.19 percent followed by light brown (78.62%) and creamy white (62.96%), respectively. Conclusion: It is concluded that dark colored eggs had higher fertility rate and also hatched at higher rate than did light colored eggs.

Paleomagnetism and age of the Leucite Hills Volcanic complex, Wyoming: Implications for eruptive history, landscape evolution, and the geomagnetic instability timescale (GITS)