Abstract

This chapter explores the legal and political aspects of post-conflict reconstruction in Burundi. It begins with an overview of the history, culture, and politics of Burundi, with particular emphasis on the ethnic violence that erupted in the country in the name of ethnicity. It then considers the similarities and differences between Burundi and Rwanda before turning to a discussion of the Arusha Peace and Reconciliation Agreement (Arusha Agreement or Arusha Accord) that was signed in 2000 by the Government of Burundi and numerous political and militant groups. It also examines the three classic dimensions of transitional justice aimed at preventing a rekindling of civil war and promoting peace in Burundi: criminal justice, historical justice, and social justice.

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